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Inferring physical fields from sparse observations while strictly satisfying partial differential equations (PDEs) is a fundamental challenge in computational physics. Recently, deep generative models offer powerful data-driven priors for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Zichao Yu , Ming Li , Wenyi Zhang , Difan Zou , Weiguo Gao

Statistical surrogate modeling of fluid flows is hard because dynamics are multiscale and highly sensitive to initial conditions. Conditional diffusion surrogates can be accurate, but usually need hundreds of stochastic sampling steps. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Victor Armegioiu , Yannick Ramic , Siddhartha Mishra

Reconstructing PDE solutions from sparse observations is a core challenge in scientific computing. We present FM4PDE, a flow-matching generative framework that learns the joint distribution of PDE coefficients (or initial states) and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Xifeng Zhang , Jin Zhao

Scientific measurements are often bottlenecked by suboptimal conditions, whether that be noise, incomplete spatial coverage, or limited resolution, rendering accurate field reconstruction a difficult task. We introduce LatentPDE, a latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Valerie Tsao , Nathaniel Chaney , Manolis Veveakis

Reconstruction of fine-scale information from sparse data is relevant to many practical fluid dynamic applications where the sensing is typically sparse. Fluid flows in an ideal sense are manifestations of nonlinear multiscale PDE dynamical…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-10-28 Chen Lu , Balaji Jayaraman

The reconstruction of unsteady flow fields from limited measurements is a challenging and crucial task for many engineering applications. Machine learning models are gaining popularity for solving this problem due to their ability to learn…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-09 Marc Amorós-Trepat , Luis Medrano-Navarro , Qiang Liu , Luca Guastoni , Nils Thuerey

Deep learning paradigms, such as PINNs and neural operators, have significantly advanced the solving of PDEs. However, they often struggle to capture the continuous integral nature of physical systems, relying either on pointwise residuals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hanru Bai , Yuncheng Zhou , Difan Zou

Physics-constrained generative modeling aims to produce high-dimensional samples that are both physically consistent and distributionally accurate, a task that remains challenging due to often conflicting optimization objectives. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Giacomo Baldan , Qiang Liu , Alberto Guardone , Nils Thuerey

This paper presents a novel machine-learning framework for reconstructing low-order gust-encounter flow field and lift coefficients from sparse, noisy surface pressure measurements. Our study thoroughly investigates the time-varying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Hanieh Mousavi , Jeff D. Eldredge

We present a framework for fine-tuning flow-matching generative models to enforce physical constraints and solve inverse problems in scientific systems. Starting from a model trained on low-fidelity or observational data, we apply a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Jan Tauberschmidt , Sophie Fellenz , Sebastian J. Vollmer , Andrew B. Duncan

Generating high-quality time-series data is challenging because real-world signals often exhibit multimodal patterns and multiscale dynamics, including oscillations and high-frequency variations. Flow Matching (FM) offers an efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Junru Zhang , Lang Feng , Jinbo Wang , Xu Guo , Yucheng Wang , Han Yu , Min Wu , Yabo Dong , Duanqing Xu

Learning permutations is fundamental to sorting, ranking, and matching, but existing differentiable methods based on entropy-regularized Sinkhorn produce a single softened solution and collapse under ambiguity. We present PermFlow, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yimeng Min , Carla P. Gomes

Modeling complex spatiotemporal dynamical systems, such as the reaction-diffusion processes, have largely relied on partial differential equations (PDEs). However, due to insufficient prior knowledge on some under-explored dynamical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Chengping Rao , Pu Ren , Qi Wang , Oral Buyukozturk , Hao Sun , Yang Liu

In many applications, flow measurements are usually sparse and possibly noisy. The reconstruction of a high-resolution flow field from limited and imperfect flow information is significant yet challenging. In this work, we propose an…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-01-17 Luning Sun , Jian-Xun Wang

Acquiring temporally high-frequency and spatially high-resolution turbulent wake flow fields in particle image velocimetry (PIV) experiments remains a significant challenge due to hardware limitations and measurement noise. In contrast,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Junle Liu , Chang Liu , Yanyu Ke , Qiuxiang Huang , Jiachen Zhao , Wenliang Chen , K. T. Tse , Gang Hu

Existing deep learning-based surrogate models facilitate efficient data generation, but fall short in uncertainty quantification, efficient parameter space exploration, and reverse prediction. In our work, we introduce SurroFlow, a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Jingyi Shen , Yuhan Duan , Han-Wei Shen

We present a dual-guided framework for reconstructing unsteady incompressible flow fields using sparse observations. The approach combines optimized sensor placement with a physics-informed guided generative model. Sensor locations are…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-18 Sajad Salavatidezfouli , Henrik Karstoft , Alexandros Iosifidis , Mahdi Abkar

Reconstructing high-fidelity flow fields from low-fidelity observations is a central problem in scientific machine learning, yet recent diffusion and flow-matching models typically rely on iterative sampling, making them costly for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Sicheng Ma , Tianyue Yang , Xiuzhe Wu , Xiao Xue

Inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs) are crucial in science and engineering. They are particularly challenging due to ill-posedness, data sparsity, and the added complexity of irregular geometries. Classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Sifan Wang , Zhikai Wu , David van Dijk , Lu Lu

Spatiotemporal flows govern diverse phenomena across physics, biology, and engineering, yet modelling their multiscale dynamics remains a central challenge. Despite major advances in physics-informed machine learning, existing approaches…

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