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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising approach to solving partial differential equations (PDEs) using neural networks, particularly in data-scarce scenarios, due to their unsupervised training capability.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Edgar Torres , Jonathan Schiefer , Mathias Niepert

Stochastic differential equations are commonly used to describe the evolution of stochastic processes. The state uncertainty of such processes is best represented by the probability density function (PDF), whose evolution is governed by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Chun-Wei Kong , Luca Laurenti , Jay McMahon , Morteza Lahijanian

The concepts and techniques of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) is studied and limitations are identified to make it efficient to approximate dynamical equations. Potential working research domains are explored for increasing the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-01-13 Siddharth Rout

Low-rank tensor methods for the approximate solution of second-order elliptic partial differential equations in high dimensions have recently attracted significant attention. A critical issue is to rigorously bound the error of such…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-12-15 Markus Bachmayr , Wolfgang Dahmen

Over the past few years, neural network methods have evolved in various directions for approximating partial differential equations (PDEs). A promising new development is the integration of neural networks with classical numerical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Georgios Grekas , Charalambos G. Makridakis , Tristan Pryer

We address a numerical framework for the stability and bifurcation analysis of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) in which the solution is sought in the function space spanned by physics-informed random projection neural…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Gianluca Fabiani , Michail E. Kavousanakis , Constantinos Siettos , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have gained popularity in scientific computing in recent years. However, they often fail to achieve the same level of accuracy as classical methods in solving differential equations. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Tao Wang , Bo Zhao , Sicun Gao , Rose Yu

Systems biology and systems neurophysiology in particular have recently emerged as powerful tools for a number of key applications in the biomedical sciences. Nevertheless, such models are often based on complex combinations of multiscale…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Matteo Ferrante , Andera Duggento , Nicola Toschi

Nonlinear differential equations and systems play a crucial role in modeling systems where time-dependent factors exhibit nonlinear characteristics. Due to their nonlinear nature, solving such systems often presents significant difficulties…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Van Truong Vo , Samad Noeiaghdam , Denis Sidorov , Aliona Dreglea , Liguo Wang

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) encounter accuracy limitations when solving the Allen--Cahn (AC) and Cahn--Hilliard (CH) partial differential equations (PDEs). To overcome this, we employ a novel loss function, Residuals-weighted…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-25 Guangtao Zhang , Jiani Lin , Qijia Zhai , Huiyu Yang , Xujun Chen , Ieng Tak Leong , Fang Zhu

Recent work provides promising evidence that Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) can efficiently solve partial differential equations (PDE). However, previous works have failed to provide guarantees on the worst-case residual error of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-30 Francisco Eiras , Adel Bibi , Rudy Bunel , Krishnamurthy Dj Dvijotham , Philip Torr , M. Pawan Kumar

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a prominent paradigm for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), yet their training strategies remain underexplored. While hard prioritization methods inspired by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Zhaoqian Gao , Min Yanga

The residual loss in Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) alters the simple recursive relation of layers in a feed-forward neural network by applying a differential operator, resulting in a loss landscape that is inherently different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Nima Hosseini Dashtbayaz , Ghazal Farhani , Boyu Wang , Charles X. Ling

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as effective methods for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) in various problems. Substantial research focuses on the failure modes of PINNs due to their frequent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Yesom Park , Changhoon Song , Myungjoo Kang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have attracted a lot of attention in scientific computing as their functional representation of partial differential equation (PDE) solutions offers flexibility and accuracy features. However, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Xinquan Huang , Tariq Alkhalifah

Differential equations are indispensable to engineering and hence to innovation. In recent years, physics-informed neural networks (PINN) have emerged as a novel method for solving differential equations. PINN method has the advantage of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Mayank Raj , Pramod Kumbhar , Ratna Kumar Annabattula

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) frequently encounter difficulties in accurately resolving shock waves within high-speed compressible flows, a failure largely attributed to the "gradient pathology" arising from extreme stiffness at…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-25 Darui Zhao , Ze Tao , Fujun Liu

The Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) viewpoint is widely employed to analyze the training dynamics of overparameterized Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs). However, unlike the case of linear Partial Differential Equations (PDEs), we show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Andrea Bonfanti , Giuseppe Bruno , Cristina Cipriani

Neural networks are universal approximators and are studied for their use in solving differential equations. However, a major criticism is the lack of error bounds for obtained solutions. This paper proposes a technique to rigorously…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Shuheng Liu , Xiyue Huang , Pavlos Protopapas

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have shown continuous and increasing promise in approximating partial differential equations (PDEs), although they remain constrained by the curse of dimensionality. In this paper, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Sai Karthikeya Vemuri , Tim Büchner , Julia Niebling , Joachim Denzler