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Related papers: Learning to Theorize the World from Observation

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Theory based AI research has had a hard time recently and the aim here is to propose a model of what LLMs are actually doing when they impress us with their language skills. The model integrates three established theories of human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Peter Wallis

A SNoW based learning approach to shallow parsing tasks is presented and studied experimentally. The approach learns to identify syntactic patterns by combining simple predictors to produce a coherent inference. Two instantiations of this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Marcia Muñoz , Vasin Punyakanok , Dan Roth , Dav Zimak

Bayesian models of cognition hypothesize that human brains make sense of data by representing probability distributions and applying Bayes' rule to find the best explanation for available data. Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Milad Kharratzadeh , Thomas R. Shultz

The ability to interpret the mental state of another agent based on its behavior, also called Theory of Mind (ToM), is crucial for humans in any kind of social interaction. Artificial systems, such as intelligent assistants, would also…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Jan Pöppel , Stefan Kopp

Meta-learning usually refers to a learning algorithm that learns from other learning algorithms. The problem of uncertainty in the predictions of neural networks shows that the world is only partially predictable and a learned neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Yuwei Sun

In a previous paper, we have proposed a set of concepts, axiom schemata and algorithms that can be used by agents to learn to describe their behaviour, goals, capabilities, and environment. The current paper proposes a new set of concepts,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Luis Botelho , Luis Nunes , Ricardo Ribeiro , Rui J. Lopes

Cognitive theories for reasoning are about understanding how humans come to conclusions from a set of premises. Starting from hypothetical thoughts, we are interested which are the implications behind basic everyday language and how do we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Emmanuelle Dietz , Johannes K. Fichte , Florim Hamiti

Humans can generate reasonable answers to novel queries (Schulz, 2012): if I asked you what kind of food you want to eat for lunch, you would respond with a food, not a time. The thought that one would respond "After 4pm" to "What would you…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Felix A. Sosa , Tomer Ullman

The next generation of autonomous agents must not only learn efficiently but also act reliably and adapt their behavior in open worlds. Standard approaches typically assume fixed tasks and environments with little or no novelty, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Florent Delgrange

In complex environments, where the human sensory system reaches its limits, our behaviour is strongly driven by our beliefs about the state of the world around us. Accessing others' beliefs, intentions, or mental states in general, could…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Francesca Bianco , Dimitri Ognibene

The authors present a visual instrument developed as part of the creation of the artwork Learning to See. The artwork explores bias in artificial neural networks and provides mechanisms for the manipulation of specifically trained for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Memo Akten , Rebecca Fiebrink , Mick Grierson

The named concepts and compositional operators present in natural language provide a rich source of information about the kinds of abstractions humans use to navigate the world. Can this linguistic background knowledge improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-03 Jacob Andreas , Dan Klein , Sergey Levine

Neural Theory-of-Mind (N-ToM), machine's ability to understand and keep track of the mental states of others, is pivotal in developing socially intelligent agents. However, prevalent N-ToM benchmarks have several shortcomings, including the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Hainiu Xu , Runcong Zhao , Lixing Zhu , Jinhua Du , Yulan He

Learning how the world works is central to building AI agents that can adapt to complex environments. Traditional world models based on deep learning demand vast amounts of training data, and do not flexibly update their knowledge from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Wasu Top Piriyakulkij , Yichao Liang , Hao Tang , Adrian Weller , Marta Kryven , Kevin Ellis

One significant simplification in most previous work on robot learning is the closed-world assumption where the robot is assumed to know ahead of time a complete set of predicates describing the state of the physical world. However, robots…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Qiaozi Gao , Lanbo She , Joyce Y. Chai

We consider a living organism as an observer of the evolution of its environment recording sensory information about the state space X of the environment in real time. Sensory information is sampled and then processed on two levels. On the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2010-03-22 Dan Guralnik

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems power the world we live in. Deep neural networks (DNNs) are able to solve tasks in an ever-expanding landscape of scenarios, but our eagerness to apply these powerful models leads us to focus on their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Loris Giulivi , Mark James Carman , Giacomo Boracchi

Scientists often use observational time series data to study complex natural processes, but regression analyses often assume simplistic dynamics. Recent advances in deep learning have yielded startling improvements to the performance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-21 Cory Shain , William Schuler

Recurrent neural networks have recently been used for learning to describe images using natural language. However, it has been observed that these models generalize poorly to scenes that were not observed during training, possibly depending…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-30 Yuval Atzmon , Jonathan Berant , Vahid Kezami , Amir Globerson , Gal Chechik

Humans can systematically generalize to novel compositions of existing concepts. Recent studies argue that neural networks appear inherently ineffective in such cognitive capacity, leading to a pessimistic view and a lack of attention to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Ning Shi , Boxin Wang , Wei Wang , Xiangyu Liu , Zhouhan Lin