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Many real-world classification problems are significantly class-imbalanced to detriment of the class of interest. The standard set of proper evaluation metrics is well-known but the usual assumption is that the test dataset imbalance equals…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Jan Brabec , Tomáš Komárek , Vojtěch Franc , Lukáš Machlica

Class imbalance classification is a challenging research problem in data mining and machine learning, as most of the real-life datasets are often imbalanced in nature. Existing learning algorithms maximise the classification accuracy by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Farshid Rayhan , Sajid Ahmed , Asif Mahbub , Md. Rafsan Jani , Swakkhar Shatabda , Dewan Md. Farid

Class imbalance problems manifest in domains such as financial fraud detection or network intrusion analysis, where the prevalence of one class is much higher than another. Typically, practitioners are more interested in predicting the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-16 Peter Xenopoulos

Class imbalance in binary classification tasks remains a significant challenge in machine learning, often resulting in poor performance on minority classes. This study comprehensively evaluates three widely-used strategies for handling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Mohamed Abdelhamid , Abhyuday Desai

Despite extensive research spanning several decades, class imbalance is still considered a profound difficulty for both machine learning and deep learning models. While data oversampling is the foremost technique to address this issue,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Sukumar Kishanthan , Asela Hevapathige

Learning classifiers using skewed or imbalanced datasets can occasionally lead to classification issues; this is a serious issue. In some cases, one class contains the majority of examples while the other, which is frequently the more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Satyendra Singh Rawat , Amit Kumar Mishra

There are many real-world classification problems wherein the issue of data imbalance (the case when a data set contains substantially more samples for one/many classes than the rest) is unavoidable. While under-sampling the problematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-09 John McKay , Isaac Gerg , Vishal Monga

A learning classifier must outperform a trivial solution, in case of imbalanced data, this condition usually does not hold true. To overcome this problem, we propose a novel data level resampling method - Clustering Based Oversampling for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Naman D. Singh , Abhinav Dhall

For several years till date, the major issues in terms of solving for classification problems are the issues of Imbalanced data. Because majority of the machine learning algorithms by default assumes all data are balanced, the algorithms do…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-12 Richmond Addo Danquah

Many real-world applications reveal difficulties in learning classifiers from imbalanced data. The rising big data era has been witnessing more classification tasks with large-scale but extremely imbalance and low-quality datasets. Most of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Zhining Liu , Wei Cao , Zhifeng Gao , Jiang Bian , Hechang Chen , Yi Chang , Tie-Yan Liu

In many real-world binary classification tasks (e.g. detection of certain objects from images), an available dataset is imbalanced, i.e., it has much less representatives of a one class (a minor class), than of another. Generally, accurate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-14 Evgeny Burnaev , Pavel Erofeev , Artem Papanov

Class imbalance poses a significant challenge to supervised classification, particularly in critical domains like medical diagnostics and anomaly detection where minority class instances are rare. While numerous studies have explored…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Ali Nawaz , Amir Ahmad , Shehroz S. Khan

Resource-constrained classification tasks are common in real-world applications such as allocating tests for disease diagnosis, hiring decisions when filling a limited number of positions, and defect detection in manufacturing settings…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Danit Shifman Abukasis , Izack Cohen , Xiaochen Xian , Kejun Huang , Gonen Singer

Imbalanced class distribution is a common problem in a number of fields including medical diagnostics, fraud detection, and others. It causes bias in classification algorithms leading to poor performance on the minority class data. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Firuz Kamalov , Dmitry Denisov

Class imbalanced datasets are common in real-world applications that range from credit card fraud detection to rare disease diagnostics. Several popular classification algorithms assume that classes are approximately balanced, and hence…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-10 Val Andrei Fajardo , David Findlay , Roshanak Houmanfar , Charu Jaiswal , Jiaxi Liang , Honglei Xie

Class imbalance is a frequently occurring scenario in classification tasks. Learning from imbalanced data poses a major challenge, which has instigated a lot of research in this area. Data preprocessing using sampling techniques is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Asif Newaz , Farhan Shahriyar Haq

In this paper we address imbalanced binary classification (IBC) tasks. Applying resampling strategies to balance the class distribution of training instances is a common approach to tackle these problems. Many state-of-the-art methods find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Vitor Cerqueira , Luis Torgo , Paula Branco , Colin Bellinger

Spurious correlations that lead models to correct predictions for the wrong reasons pose a critical challenge for robust real-world generalization. Existing research attributes this issue to group imbalance and addresses it by maximizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Miaoyun Zhao , Chenrong Li , Qiang Zhang

Dealing with severe class imbalance poses a major challenge for real-world applications, especially when the accurate classification and generalization of minority classes is of primary interest. In computer vision, learning from long…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Zidi Xiu , Junya Chen , Ricardo Henao , Benjamin Goldstein , Lawrence Carin , Chenyang Tao

Methods to correct class imbalance, i.e. imbalance between the frequency of outcome events and non-events, are receiving increasing interest for developing prediction models. We examined the effect of imbalance correction on the performance…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-02-21 Ruben van den Goorbergh , Maarten van Smeden , Dirk Timmerman , Ben Van Calster