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Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models in a parameter-efficient manner is widely studied for its effectiveness and efficiency. LoRA is one of the most widely used methods, which assumes that the optimization process is essentially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Changqun Li , Chaofan Ding , Kexin Luan , Xinhan Di

Although the advancements of pre-trained Large Language Models have significantly accelerated recent progress in NLP, their ever-increasing size poses significant challenges for conventional fine-tuning, especially in memory-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Chenxi Whitehouse , Fantine Huot , Jasmijn Bastings , Mostafa Dehghani , Chu-Cheng Lin , Mirella Lapata

Long-term memory is a cornerstone of human intelligence. Enabling AI to process lifetime-scale information remains a long-standing pursuit in the field. Due to the constraints of full-attention architectures, the effective context length of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yu Chen , Runkai Chen , Sheng Yi , Xinda Zhao , Xiaohong Li , Jianjin Zhang , Jun Sun , Chuanrui Hu , Yunyun Han , Lidong Bing , Yafeng Deng , Tianqiao Chen

Fine-tuning large language models on new data improves task performance but degrades capabilities learned during pretraining, a phenomenon known as catastrophic forgetting. Existing methods mitigate this by modifying the fine-tuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Parjanya Prajakta Prashant , Jiongli Zhu , Aldan Creo , Babak Salimi

Continual learning in Neural Machine Translation (NMT) faces the dual challenges of catastrophic forgetting and the high computational cost of retraining. This study establishes Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) as a parameter-efficient framework…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Salvador Carrión , Francisco Casacuberta

Distribution shift (e.g., task or domain shift) in continual learning (CL) usually results in catastrophic forgetting of neural networks. Although it can be alleviated by repeatedly replaying buffered data, the every-step replay is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Haiyan Zhao , Tianyi Zhou , Guodong Long , Jing Jiang , Chengqi Zhang

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) can be accurately fine-tuned for downstream text processing tasks. Recently, researchers have introduced several parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods that optimize input prompts or adjust a small number…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Saeed Najafi , Alona Fyshe

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a crucial step for large language models (LLMs), enabling them to align with human instructions and enhance their capabilities in downstream tasks. Increasing instruction data substantially is a direct…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Shihan Dou , Enyu Zhou , Yan Liu , Songyang Gao , Jun Zhao , Wei Shen , Yuhao Zhou , Zhiheng Xi , Xiao Wang , Xiaoran Fan , Shiliang Pu , Jiang Zhu , Rui Zheng , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP), particularly in Natural Language Understanding (NLU) tasks. As we progress toward an agentic world where LLM-based agents autonomously handle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Naimul Haque

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) enables efficient fine-tuning of large language models but suffers from catastrophic forgetting when learned updates interfere with the dominant singular directions that encode essential pre-trained knowledge. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yifeng Xiong , Xiaohui Xie

In addressing the computational and memory demands of fine-tuning Large Language Models(LLMs), we propose LoRA-SP(Streamlined Partial Parameter Adaptation), a novel approach utilizing randomized half-selective parameter freezing within the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Yichao Wu , Yafei Xiang , Shuning Huo , Yulu Gong , Penghao Liang

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) is crucial for improving their performance on downstream tasks, but full-parameter fine-tuning (Full-FT) is computationally expensive and memory-intensive. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Longteng Zhang , Lin Zhang , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu , Bo Li

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a natural method for finetuning in communication-constrained machine learning settings such as cross-device federated learning. Prior work that has studied LoRA in the context of federated learning has focused…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Kevin Kuo , Arian Raje , Kousik Rajesh , Virginia Smith

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across various tasks. However, training LLMs from scratch requires significant computational power and extensive memory capacity. Recent studies have explored low-rank…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Andi Han , Jiaxiang Li , Wei Huang , Mingyi Hong , Akiko Takeda , Pratik Jawanpuria , Bamdev Mishra

Large language models (LLMs) acquire substantial world knowledge during pre-training, which is further shaped by post-training techniques such as supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, the impact of SFT on a model's knowledge remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Junjie Ye , Yuming Yang , Yang Nan , Shuo Li , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang , Peng Wang , Zhongchao Shi , Jianping Fan

In recent years, continual learning with pre-training (CLPT) has received widespread interest, instead of its traditional focus of training from scratch. The use of strong pre-trained models (PTMs) can greatly facilitate knowledge transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Gengwei Zhang , Liyuan Wang , Guoliang Kang , Ling Chen , Yunchao Wei

Large language models (LLMs) have recently emerged as powerful tools for tackling many language-processing tasks. Despite their success, training and fine-tuning these models is still far too computationally and memory intensive. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Roy Miles , Pradyumna Reddy , Ismail Elezi , Jiankang Deng

Medical Vision-Language Models can give different yes or no answers to rephrasings of the same clinical question. We study this in MedGemma-4B using PSF-Med Sadanandan and Behzadan (2025), which provides paraphrase pairs for systematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Binesh Sadanandan , Vahid Behzadan

The performance of Transformer models has been enhanced by increasing the number of parameters and the length of the processed text. Consequently, fine-tuning the entire model becomes a memory-intensive process. High-performance methods for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Viktoriia Chekalina , Anna Rudenko , Gleb Mezentsev , Alexander Mikhalev , Alexander Panchenko , Ivan Oseledets

Federated Learning (FL) has gained popularity for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) across multiple nodes, each with its own private data. While LoRA has been widely adopted for parameter efficient federated fine-tuning, recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Navyansh Mahla , Sunny Gupta , Amit Sethi