Related papers: Beyond Activation Alignment: The Geometry of Neura…

Comparing representations of complex stimuli in neural network layers to human brain representations or behavioral judgments can guide model development. However, even qualitatively distinct neural network models often predict similar…

The challenge of fine-grained visual recognition often lies in discovering the key discriminative regions. While such regions can be automatically identified from a large-scale labeled dataset, a similar method might become less effective…

Deep neural networks perform remarkably well on image classification tasks but remain vulnerable to carefully crafted adversarial perturbations. This work revisits linear dimensionality reduction as a simple, data-adapted defense. We…

Comparing the internal representations of neural networks is a central goal in both neuroscience and machine learning. Standard alignment metrics operate on raw neural activations, implicitly assuming that similar representations produce…

Despite the success of fine-tuning pretrained language encoders like BERT for downstream natural language understanding (NLU) tasks, it is still poorly understood how neural networks change after fine-tuning. In this work, we use centered…

Transfer learning is widely used in deep neural network models when there are few labeled examples available. The common approach is to take a pre-trained network in a similar task and finetune the model parameters. This is usually done…

Affinity graph-based segmentation methods have become a major trend in computer vision. The performance of these methods relies on the constructed affinity graph, with particular emphasis on the neighborhood topology and pairwise affinities…

Now over 20 years old, functional MRI (fMRI) has a large and growing literature that is best synthesised with meta-analytic tools. As most authors do not share image data, only the peak activation coordinates (foci) reported in the paper…

Resting-state brain functional connectivity quantifies the synchrony between activity patterns of different brain regions. In functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), each region comprises a set of spatially contiguous voxels at which…

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has the potential to improve the quality of life of people with a variety of neurological diseases. A key challenge in DBS is in the placement of a stimulation electrode in the anatomical location that maximizes…

We propose a method that allows for a rigorous statistical analysis of neural responses to natural stimuli which are non-Gaussian and exhibit strong correlations. We have in mind a model in which neurons are selective for a small number of…

The effectiveness of deep neural architectures has been widely supported in terms of both experimental and foundational principles. There is also clear evidence that the activation function (e.g. the rectifier and the LSTM units) plays a…

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have become the de facto standard for modeling the human visual system, primarily due to their success in predicting neural responses. However, with many models now achieving similar predictive accuracy, we…

Recently, self-attention (SA) structures became popular in computer vision fields. They have locally independent filters and can use large kernels, which contradicts the previously popular convolutional neural networks (CNNs). CNNs success…

AI-based neural decoding reconstructs visual perception by leveraging generative models to map brain activity, measured through functional MRI (fMRI), into latent hierarchical representations. Traditionally, ridge linear models transform…

We present novel algorithms for simulation optimization using random directions stochastic approximation (RDSA). These include first-order (gradient) as well as second-order (Newton) schemes. We incorporate both continuous-valued as well as…

Cytoarchitectonic parcellations of the human brain serve as anatomical references in multimodal atlas frameworks. They are based on analysis of cell-body stained histological sections and the identification of borders between brain areas.…

Single neurons in neural networks are often interpretable in that they represent individual, intuitively meaningful features. However, many neurons exhibit $\textit{mixed selectivity}$, i.e., they represent multiple unrelated features. A…

Grounded in socially shared regulation of learning (SSRL), this paper investigates how joint mental effort (JME) and joint visual attention (JVA) serve as process-level indicators of shared regulation in pair programming and how AI-driven…

In this paper, we focus on how to locate the relevant or discriminative brain regions related with external stimulus or certain mental decease, which is also called support identification, based on the neuroimaging data. The main difficulty…