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Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have achieved significant progress by extending large language models. Building on this progress, the latest developments in LMMs demonstrate the ability to generate dense pixel-wise segmentation through the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Li Zhou , Xu Yuan , Zenghui Sun , Zikun Zhou , Jingsong Lan

Zero-shot image captioning (IC) without well-paired image-text data can be divided into two categories, training-free and text-only-training. Generally, these two types of methods realize zero-shot IC by integrating pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Zequn Zeng , Yan Xie , Hao Zhang , Chiyu Chen , Zhengjue Wang , Bo Chen

Figures, such as bar charts, pie charts, and line plots, are widely used to convey important information in a concise format. They are usually human-friendly but difficult for computers to process automatically. In this work, we investigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Charles Chen , Ruiyi Zhang , Eunyee Koh , Sungchul Kim , Scott Cohen , Tong Yu , Ryan Rossi , Razvan Bunescu

The task of image captioning demands an algorithm to generate natural language descriptions of visual inputs. Recent advancements have seen a convergence between image captioning research and the development of Large Language Models (LLMs)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Davide Bucciarelli , Nicholas Moratelli , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Image captioning has emerged as an interesting research field in recent years due to its broad application scenarios. The traditional paradigm of image captioning relies on paired image-caption datasets to train the model in a supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Jiahui Gao , Yi Zhou , Philip L. H. Yu , Shafiq Joty , Jiuxiang Gu

We deal with the problem of generating textual captions from optical remote sensing (RS) images using the notion of deep reinforcement learning. Due to the high inter-class similarity in reference sentences describing remote sensing data,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Ruchika Chavhan , Biplab Banerjee , Xiao Xiang Zhu , Subhasis Chaudhuri

Machine learning for remote sensing imaging relies on up-to-date and accurate labels for model training and testing. Labelling remote sensing imagery is time and cost intensive, requiring expert analysis. Previous labelling tools rely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Tulsi Patel , Mark W. Jones , Thomas Redfern

Real-world image captions often lack contextual depth, omitting crucial details such as event background, temporal cues, outcomes, and named entities that are not visually discernible. This gap limits the effectiveness of image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Nguyen Lam Phu Quy , Pham Phu Hoa , Tran Chi Nguyen , Dao Sy Duy Minh , Nguyen Hoang Minh Ngoc , Huynh Trung Kiet

Figure captions are crucial for helping readers understand and remember a figure's key message. Many models have been developed to generate these captions, helping authors compose better quality captions more easily. Yet, authors almost…

Video captioning is a challenging task that necessitates a thorough comprehension of visual scenes. Existing methods follow a typical one-to-one mapping, which concentrates on a limited sample space while ignoring the intrinsic semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Xiaoya Chen , Jingkuan Song , Pengpeng Zeng , Lianli Gao , Heng Tao Shen

The development of computer vision algorithms for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) imagery heavily relies on the availability of annotated high-resolution aerial data. However, the scarcity of large-scale real datasets with pixel-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Giulia Rizzoli , Francesco Barbato , Matteo Caligiuri , Pietro Zanuttigh

Remote Sensing Image Change Captioning (RSICC) aims to generate spatially grounded natural language descriptions of scene evolution from bi-temporal imagery, moving beyond binary change masks toward semantic-level understanding. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Yupeng Gao , Tianyu Li , Guoqing Wang , Yang Yang

The evaluation of image captions, looking at both linguistic fluency and semantic correspondence to visual contents, has witnessed a significant effort. Still, despite advancements such as the CLIPScore metric, multilingual captioning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Gonçalo Gomes , Chrysoula Zerva , Bruno Martins

Humor, deeply rooted in societal meanings and cultural details, poses a unique challenge for machines. While advances have been made in natural language processing, real-world humor often thrives in a multi-modal context, encapsulated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuyan Chen , Songzhou Yan , Zhihong Zhu , Zhixu Li , Yanghua Xiao

Automated audio captioning aims at generating textual descriptions for an audio clip. To evaluate the quality of generated audio captions, previous works directly adopt image captioning metrics like SPICE and CIDEr, without justifying their…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Zelin Zhou , Zhiling Zhang , Xuenan Xu , Zeyu Xie , Mengyue Wu , Kenny Q. Zhu

Image captioning models have been able to generate grammatically correct and human understandable sentences. However most of the captions convey limited information as the model used is trained on datasets that do not caption all possible…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Pranav Agarwal , Alejandro Betancourt , Vana Panagiotou , Natalia Díaz-Rodríguez

Pre-trained representations are becoming crucial for many NLP and perception tasks. While representation learning in NLP has transitioned to training on raw text without human annotations, visual and vision-language representations still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Chao Jia , Yinfei Yang , Ye Xia , Yi-Ting Chen , Zarana Parekh , Hieu Pham , Quoc V. Le , Yunhsuan Sung , Zhen Li , Tom Duerig

Image captioning involves generating textual descriptions from input images, bridging the gap between computer vision and natural language processing. Recent advancements in transformer-based models have significantly improved caption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Israa A. Albadarneh , Bassam H. Hammo , Omar S. Al-Kadi

We present a universal framework to model contextualized sentence representations with visual awareness that is motivated to overcome the shortcomings of the multimodal parallel data with manual annotations. For each sentence, we first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang , Kehai Chen , Masao Utiyama , Eiichiro Sumita , Hai Zhao

With the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC), it has become a common practice to train models on synthetic data due to data-scarcity and privacy leakage problems. Owing to massive and diverse information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Shiye Lei , Hao Chen , Sen Zhang , Bo Zhao , Dacheng Tao