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We prove that there is a second countable locally compact group that does not embed as a closed subgroup in any compactly generated locally compact group, and discuss various related embedding and non-embedding results.

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-08-26 Pierre-Emmanuel Caprace , Yves Cornulier

We show, assuming PD, that every complete finitely axiomatized second order theory with a countable model is categorical, but that there is, assuming again PD, a complete recursively axiomatized second order theory with a countable model…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Tapio Saarinen , Jouko Väänänen , William Hugh Woodin

A locally-optimal structure is a combinatorial structure such as a maximal independent set that cannot be improved by certain (greedy) local moves, even though it may not be globally optimal. It is trivial to construct an independent set in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Leslie Ann Goldberg , Rob Gysel , John Lapinskas

we prove that if $X$ is a locally compact $\sigma$-compact space then on its quotient, $\gamma(X)$ say, determined by the algebra of all real valued bounded continuous functions on $X$, the quotient topology and the completely regular…

General Topology · Mathematics 2008-11-21 Aldo J. Lazar

We give, for each countable ordinal $\xi \geq 1$, an example of a ${\bf\Delta}^0_2$ countable union of Borel rectangles that cannot be decomposed into countably many ${\bf\Pi}^0_\xi$ rectangles. In fact, we provide a graph of a partial…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-08-22 Dominique Lecomte , Miroslav Zeleny

We prove that if $ T $ is a semi-special tree that is not special, then there exists a graph $ G $, formed as an inflation of a sparse $ T $-graph, such that for any special tree $ S $, $ G $ is not a subdivision of an inflation of an…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-11-11 Leandro Aurichi , Gabriel Fernandes , Paulo Magalhães Júnior

All constructive methods employed in modern mathematics produce only countable sets, even when designed to transcend countability. We show that any constructive argument for uncountability -- excluding diagonalization techniques --…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Stanislav Semenov

Usual math sets have special types: countable, compact, open, occasionally Borel, rarely projective, etc. Each such set is described by a single Set Theory formula with parameters unrelated to other formulas. Exotic expressions involving…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Leonid A. Levin

We establish the notion of a ``projective analytic vector'', whose defining requirements are weaker than the usual ones of an analytic vector, and use it to prove generation theorems for one-parameter groups on locally convex spaces. More…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-02-03 Rodrigo A. H. M. Cabral

We show that locally solvable subgroups of PLo(I) are countable. Then for each countable ordered set, we construct a locally solvable subgroup of Thompson's Group F. We develop machinery for understanding embeddings from solvable subgroups…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2018-05-23 Amanda Taylor

The locality of a graph problem is the smallest distance $T$ such that each node can choose its own part of the solution based on its radius-$T$ neighborhood. In many settings, a graph problem can be solved efficiently with a distributed or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Yi-Jun Chang , Jan Studený , Jukka Suomela

We construct a countable simple theory which, in Keisler's order, is strictly above the random graph (but "barely so") and also in some sense orthogonal to the building blocks of the recently discovered infinite descending chain. As a…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-07-29 M. Malliaris , S. Shelah

We prove a pointwise ergodic theorem for quasi-probability-measure-preserving (quasi-pmp) locally countable measurable graphs, equivalently, Schreier graphs of quasi-pmp actions of countable groups. For ergodic graphs, the theorem gives an…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Anush Tserunyan

We provide a characterization of the realisable set covariograms, bringing a rigorous yet abstract solution to the $S\_2$ problem in materials science. Our method is based on the covariogram functional for random mesurable sets (RAMS) and…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-03 Bruno Galerne , Raphael Lachieze-Rey

In a 2021 paper, Vladimir Tkachuk asked whether there is a non-separable LOTS $X$ such that $X^2\setminus\{\langle x,x\rangle\colon x\in X\}$ is functionally countable. In this paper we prove that such a space, if it exists, must be an…

General Topology · Mathematics 2024-04-11 Luis Enrique Gutiérrez-Domínguez , Rodrigo Hernández-Gutiérrez

We investigate a random geometric graph model introduced by Bonato and Janssen. The vertices are the points of a countable dense set $S$ in a (necessarily separable) normed vector space $X$, and each pair of points are joined independently…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-09 József Balogh , Mark Walters , András Zsák

In this paper we develop general techniques for classes of computable real numbers generated by subsets of total computable (recursive functions) with special restrictions on basic operations in order to investigate the following problems:…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-11-18 M. V. Korovina , O. V. Kudinov

We establish links between countable algebraically closed graphs and the endomorphisms of the countable universal graph $R$. As a consequence we show that, for any countable graph $\Gamma$, there are uncountably many maximal subgroups of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-04-06 Igor Dolinka , Robert D. Gray , Jillian D. McPhee , James D. Mitchell , Martyn Quick

In this work we study the uncountable Borel chromatic numbers, defined by Geschke (2011) as cardinal characteristics of the continuum, of low complexity graphs. We show that a strong form of locally countable graphs with compact totally…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-09-12 Raiean Banerjee , Michel Gaspar

In this work we introduce the graph-theoretic notion of mendability: for each locally checkable graph problem we can define its mending radius, which captures the idea of how far one needs to modify a partial solution in order to "patch a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Alkida Balliu , Juho Hirvonen , Darya Melnyk , Dennis Olivetti , Joel Rybicki , Jukka Suomela