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Smart contracts operate in a highly adversarial environment, where vulnerabilities can lead to substantial financial losses. Thus, smart contracts are subject to security audits. In auditing, proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits play a critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Vivi Andersson , Sofia Bobadilla , Harald Hobbelhagen , Martin Monperrus

Smart contracts are a critical component of blockchain systems. Due to the large amount of digital assets carried by smart contracts, their security is of critical importance. Although numerous tools have been developed for detecting smart…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jingwen Zhang , Yuhong Nan , Kaiwen Ning , Mingxi Ye , Wei Li , Yuming Xiao , Yuming Feng , Weizhe Zhang , Zibin Zheng

Blockchain systems are increasingly targeted by on-chain attacks that exploit contract vulnerabilities to extract value rapidly and stealthily, making systematic analysis and reproduction highly challenging. In practice, reproducing such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Xing Su , Hao Wu , Hanzhong Liang , Yunlin Jiang , Yuxi Cheng , Yating Liu , Fengyuan Xu

Smart contracts are commonly audited through static analysis to explore vulnerabilities. However, static approaches typically produce heterogeneous findings rather than reproducible, executable proof-of-concept (PoC) test cases, leading to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Longfei Chen , Ruibin Yan , Taiyu Wong , Yiyang Chen , Jialai Wang , Chao Zhang

Billions of dollars are lost every year in DeFi platforms by transactions exploiting business logic or accounting vulnerabilities. Existing defenses focus on static code analysis, public mempool screening, attacker contract detection, or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Abdulrahman Alhaidari , Balaji Palanisamy , Prashant Krishnamurthy

Blockchain adoption has surged with the rise of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) applications. However, the significant value of digital assets managed by DeFi protocols makes them prime targets for attacks. Current smart contract vulnerability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Hongbo Wen , Hanzhi Liu , Jiaxin Song , Yanju Chen , Wenbo Guo , Yu Feng

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) is emerging as a peer-to-peer financial ecosystem, enabling participants to trade products on a permissionless blockchain. Built on blockchain and smart contracts, the DeFi ecosystem has experienced explosive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Peng Qian , Rui Cao , Zhenguang Liu , Wenqing Li , Ming Li , Lun Zhang , Yufeng Xu , Jianhai Chen , Qinming He

Smart contracts are important for digital finance, yet they are hard to patch once deployed. Prior work has mainly explored LLMs for smart contract vulnerability detection, leaving end-to-end automated exploit generation (AEG) much less…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-22 ZeKe Xiao , Qin Wang , Yuekang Li , Shiping Chen

Smart contracts govern billions of dollars in decentralized finance (DeFi), yet automated vulnerability detection remains challenging because many vulnerabilities are tightly coupled with project-specific business logic. We observe that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ziqiao Kong , Wanxu Xia , Chong Wang , Yi Lu , Pan Li , Shaohua Li , Zong Cao , Yang Liu

The growth of the decentralized finance (DeFi) ecosystem built on blockchain technology and smart contracts has led to an increased demand for secure and reliable smart contract development. However, attacks targeting smart contracts are…

Smart contracts are programs running on top of blockchain platforms. They interact with each other through well-defined interfaces to perform financial transactions in a distributed system with no trusted third parties. But these interfaces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Yu Feng , Emina Torlak , Rastislav Bodik

Smart contracts underpin high-value ecosystems such as decentralized finance (DeFi), yet recurring vulnerabilities continue to cause losses worth billions of dollars. Although numerous security analyzers that detect such flaws exist,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Tamer Abdelaziz , Salma Alsaghir , Karim Ali

The exploitation of smart contract vulnerabilities in Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has resulted in financial losses exceeding 3 billion US dollars. Existing defense mechanisms primarily focus on detecting and reacting to adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Shoupeng Ren , Lipeng He , Tianyu Tu , Di Wu , Jian Liu , Kui Ren , Chun Chen

While catastrophic attacks on Ethereum persist, vulnerability research remains fixated on implementation-level smart contract bugs, creating a gap between academic understanding of vulnerabilities and the root causes of high-impact,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Hadis Rezaei , Mojtaba Eshghie , Karl Anderesson , Francesco Palmieri

Cryptocurrency has seen an explosive growth in recent years, thanks to the evolvement of blockchain technology and its economic ecosystem. Besides Bitcoin, thousands of cryptocurrencies have been distributed on blockchains, while hundreds…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Ru Ji , Ningyu He , Lei Wu , Haoyu Wang , Guangdong Bai , Yao Guo

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) staking is one of the most prominent applications within the DeFi ecosystem, where DeFi projects enable users to stake tokens on the platform and reward participants with additional tokens. However, logical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Zewei Lin , Jiachi Chen , Jingwen Zhang , Zexu Wang , Yuming Feng , Weizhe Zhang , Zibin Zheng

Smart contracts, as a key component of blockchain technology, play a crucial role in ensuring the automation of transactions and adherence to protocol rules. However, smart contracts are susceptible to security vulnerabilities, which, if…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Yuying Du , Xueyan Tang

Developers of smart contracts pervasively reuse subcontracts to improve development efficiency. Like any program language, such subcontract reuse may unexpectedly include, or introduce vulnerabilities to the end-point smart contract.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zeqin Liao , Yuhong Nan , Zixu Gao , Henglong Liang , Sicheng Hao , Jiajing Wu , Zibin Zheng

Smart contracts are the cornerstone of decentralized applications and financial protocols, which extend the application of digital currency transactions. The applications and financial protocols introduce significant security challenges,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hongli Peng , Xiaoqi Li , Wenkai Li

In recent years, smart contracts have suffered major exploits, costing millions of dollars. Unlike traditional programs, smart contracts are deployed on a blockchain. As such, they cannot be modified once deployed. Though various tools have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-16 Christof Ferreira Torres , Mathis Baden , Robert Norvill , Beltran Borja Fiz Pontiveros , Hugo Jonker , Sjouke Mauw
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