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Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) with autoregressive world models suffers from compounding errors, whereas diffusion world models mitigate this by generating trajectory segments jointly. However, existing diffusion guides are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Daniele Foffano , Arvid Eriksson , David Broman , Karl H. Johansson , Alexandre Proutiere

We explore the methodology and theory of reward-directed generation via conditional diffusion models. Directed generation aims to generate samples with desired properties as measured by a reward function, which has broad applications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Hui Yuan , Kaixuan Huang , Chengzhuo Ni , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in generative tasks but suffer from high computational costs due to their iterative sampling process and quadratic attention costs. Existing training-free acceleration strategies that reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Ting Jiang , Yixiao Wang , Hancheng Ye , Zishan Shao , Jingwei Sun , Jingyang Zhang , Zekai Chen , Jianyi Zhang , Yiran Chen , Hai Li

The controllable generation of diffusion models aims to steer the model to generate samples that optimize some given objective functions. It is desirable for a variety of applications including image generation, molecule generation, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Owen Oertell , Shikun Sun , Yiding Chen , Jin Peng Zhou , Zhiyong Wang , Wen Sun

Diffusion models have become a central paradigm for image and multimodal generation, yet their deployment raises persistent questions about alignment, safety, preference satisfaction, and robustness to misuse. This survey reviews recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Preeti Lamba , Kiran Ravish , Ankita Kushwaha , Pawan Kumar

In this paper, we propose a novel approach called DIffusion-guided DIversity (DIDI) for offline behavioral generation. The goal of DIDI is to learn a diverse set of skills from a mixture of label-free offline data. We achieve this by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Jinxin Liu , Xinghong Guo , Zifeng Zhuang , Donglin Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has achieved remarkable success in a wide range of sequential decision-making problems. Recent diffusion-based policies further improve RL by modeling complex, high-dimensional action distributions. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Xiaofeng Xiao , Xiao Hu , Yang Ye , Xubo Yue

Dataset distillation enables efficient training by distilling the information of large-scale datasets into significantly smaller synthetic datasets. Diffusion based paradigms have emerged in recent years, offering novel perspectives for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Qichao Wang , Yunhong Lu , Hengyuan Cao , Junyi Zhang , Min Zhang

Diffusion models have demonstrated empirical successes in various applications and can be adapted to task-specific needs via guidance. This paper studies a form of gradient guidance for adapting a pre-trained diffusion model towards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-17 Yingqing Guo , Hui Yuan , Yukang Yang , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang

Reward guidance, also known as posterior sampling, is a popular method for test-time adaptation and post-training in continuous diffusion models. In this paper, we study reward guidance for discrete diffusion language models; now, one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Atula Tejaswi , Litu Rout , Constantine Caramanis , Sanjay Shakkottai , Sujay Sanghavi

Safe and effective motion planning is crucial for autonomous robots. Diffusion models excel at capturing complex agent interactions, a fundamental aspect of decision-making in dynamic environments. Recent studies have successfully applied…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Giwon Lee , Daehee Park , Jaewoo Jeong , Kuk-Jin Yoon

Recent advancements in diffusion and flow-matching models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in high-fidelity image synthesis. A prominent line of research involves reward-guided guidance, which steers the generation process during…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jinho Chang , Jaemin Kim , Jong Chul Ye

A central challenge in reinforcement learning is that policies trained in controlled environments often fail under distribution shifts at deployment into real-world environments. Distributionally Robust Reinforcement Learning (DRRL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Anirudh Satheesh , Keenan Powell , Vaneet Aggarwal

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) faces a critical challenge of overestimating the value of out-of-distribution (OOD) actions. Existing methods mitigate this issue by penalizing unseen samples, yet they fail to accurately identify OOD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Qingjun Wang , Hongtu Zhou , Hang Yu , Junqiao Zhao , Yanping Zhao , Chen Ye , Ziqiao Wang , Guang Chen

Efficient truck dispatching via Reinforcement Learning (RL) in open-pit mining is often hindered by reliance on complex reward engineering and value-based methods. This paper introduces Curriculum-inspired Adaptive Direct Policy Guidance, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Shi Meng , Bin Tian , Xiaotong Zhang

By formulating data samples' formation as a Markov denoising process, diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performances in a collection of tasks. Recently, many variants of diffusion models have been proposed to enable controlled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Hengtong Zhang , Tingyang Xu

Diffusion-based generative methods have shown promising potential for modeling trajectories from offline reinforcement learning (RL) datasets, and hierarchical diffusion has been introduced to mitigate variance accumulation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Xianghua Zeng , Hao Peng , Angsheng Li , Yicheng Pan

At the core of reinforcement learning is the idea of learning beyond the performance in the data. However, scaling such systems has proven notoriously tricky. In contrast, techniques from generative modeling have proven remarkably scalable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Kevin Frans , Seohong Park , Pieter Abbeel , Sergey Levine

We present Distributional RewArds for Generative OptimizatioN (DRAGON), a versatile framework for fine-tuning media generation models towards a desired outcome. Compared with traditional reinforcement learning with human feedback (RLHF) or…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Yatong Bai , Jonah Casebeer , Somayeh Sojoudi , Nicholas J. Bryan

Distributional reinforcement learning (DRL) is a recent reinforcement learning framework whose success has been supported by various empirical studies. It relies on the key idea of replacing the expected return with the return distribution,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-09 Rahul Singh , Keuntaek Lee , Yongxin Chen