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The proliferation of autonomous AI agents within enterprise environments introduces a critical security challenge: managing access control for emergent, novel tasks for which no predefined policies exist. This paper introduces an advanced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Charles Fleming , Ashish Kundu , Ramana Kompella

Authorizing Large Language Model driven agents to dynamically invoke tools and access protected resources introduces significant risks, since current methods for delegating authorization grant overly broad permissions and give access to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Majed El Helou , Chiara Troiani , Benjamin Ryder , Jean Diaconu , Hervé Muyal , Marcelo Yannuzzi

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents increasingly interact, collaborate, and delegate tasks to one another autonomously with minimal human interaction. Industry guidelines for agentic system governance emphasize the need for users to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Georgios Syros , Anshuman Suri , Jacob Ginesin , Cristina Nita-Rotaru , Alina Oprea

Agentic AI systems -- Large Language Models (LLMs) augmented with planning, tool use, memory, and long-horizon interactions -- can execute complex tasks autonomously, but their multi-step trajectories introduce new failure modes that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jinhu Qi , Muzhi Li , Jiahong Liu , Yuqin Shu , Dianzhi Yu , Shicheng Ma , Wenqian Cui , Yiyang Zhao , Yiyi Chen , Ruoxi Jiang , Irwin King , Zenglin Xu

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced solutions across various domains, from political science to software development. However, these models are constrained by their training data, which is static and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Aadil Gani Ganie

The integration of Large Language Model (LLM)-based conversational agents into vehicles creates novel security challenges at the intersection of agentic AI, automotive safety, and inter-agent communication. As these intelligent assistants…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Lukas Stappen , Ahmet Erkan Turan , Johann Hagerer , Georg Groh

Agentic AI systems, built upon large language models (LLMs) and deployed in multi-agent configurations, are redefining intelligence, autonomy, collaboration, and decision-making across enterprise and societal domains. This review presents a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Shaina Raza , Ranjan Sapkota , Manoj Karkee , Christos Emmanouilidis

This paper introduces language-based agent control (LBAC), a new programming model for agentic applications that brings techniques from programming languages and language-based security to the problem of agent control. In conventional…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Timothy Zhou , Loris D'Antoni , Nadia Polikarpova

Recent AI systems combine large language models with tools, external knowledge via retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), and even autonomous multi-agent decision loops. This agentic AI paradigm greatly expands capabilities - but also vastly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Ali Dehghantanha , Sajad Homayoun

Agentic language models operate in a fundamentally different safety regime than chat models: they must plan, call tools, and execute long-horizon actions where a single misstep, such as accessing files or entering credentials, can cause…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Aradhye Agarwal , Gurdit Siyan , Yash Pandya , Joykirat Singh , Akshay Nambi , Ahmed Awadallah

Large language model (LLM)-based AI agents extend LLM capabilities by enabling access to tools such as data sources, APIs, search engines, code sandboxes, and even other agents. While this empowers agents to perform complex tasks, LLMs may…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Aarya Doshi , Yining Hong , Congying Xu , Eunsuk Kang , Alexandros Kapravelos , Christian Kästner

Target Safety Assessment (TSA) requires systematic integration of heterogeneous evidence, including genetic, transcriptomic, target homology, pharmacological, and clinical data, to evaluate potential safety liabilities of therapeutic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xiaochen Zheng , Zhiwen Jiang , Melanie Guerard , Klas Hatje , Tatyana Doktorova

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as agentic systems that plan, memorize, and act in open-world environments. This shift brings new security problems: failures are no longer only unsafe text generation, but can become…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhihang Deng , Jiaping Gui , Weinan Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are evolving into autonomous agents capable of executing complex workflows via standardized protocols (e.g., MCP). However, this paradigm shifts control from deterministic code to probabilistic inference,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Guanquan Shi , Haohua Du , Zhiqiang Wang , Xiaoyu Liang , Weiwenpei Liu , Song Bian , Zhenyu Guan

Large language models (LLMs) deployed as agents introduce significant safety risks in clinical settings due to their potential for error and single points of failure. We introduce Tiered Agentic Oversight (TAO), a hierarchical multi-agent…

Current test-time scaling (TTS) techniques enhance large language model (LLM) performance by allocating additional computation at inference time, yet they remain insufficient for agentic settings, where actions directly interact with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xingshan Zeng , Lingzhi Wang , Weiwen Liu , Liangyou Li , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu

Large language models (LLMs) and agentic systems have recently demonstrated potential for automating scientific workflows, including atomistic simulations. However, their deployment in high-performance computing (HPC) environments remains…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 William Dawson , Louis Beal , Yoann Curé , Giuseppe Fisicaro , Dorian Rolland , Luigi Genovese

The autonomy and contextual complexity of LLM-based agents render traditional access control (AC) mechanisms insufficient. Static, rule-based systems designed for predictable environments are fundamentally ill-equipped to manage the dynamic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xinfeng Li , Dong Huang , Jie Li , Hongyi Cai , Zhenhong Zhou , Wei Dong , XiaoFeng Wang , Yang Liu

We present HADA (Human-AI Agent Decision Alignment), a protocol- and framework agnostic reference architecture that keeps both large language model (LLM) agents and legacy algorithms aligned with organizational targets and values. HADA…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Tapio Pitkäranta , Leena Pitkäranta

AI agents are rapidly advancing from passive language models to autonomous systems executing complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their overconfidence in failure remains a fundamental barrier to deployment in high-stakes settings. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Jiaxin Zhang , Caiming Xiong , Chien-Sheng Wu
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