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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes settings where good decisions require forming beliefs over the probability of unknown outcomes. However, it is unclear whether LLMs act as if they hold coherent beliefs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Khurram Yamin , Jingjing Tang , Santiago Cortes-Gomez , Amit Sharma , Eric Horvitz , Bryan Wilder

In this contribution we explore choice revision, a sort of belief change in which the new information is represented by a set of sentences and the agent could accept some of the sentences while rejecting the others. We propose a generalized…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-05-04 Li Zhang

We establish a generic, model-theoretic characterization of belief revision operators implementing the paradigm of minimal change according to the seminal work by Alchourr\'{o}n, G\"{a}rdenfors, and Makinson (AGM). Our characterization…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Faiq Miftakhul Falakh , Sebastian Rudolph , Kai Sauerwald

This paper combines the classical model of labeled transition systems with the epistemic model for reasoning about knowledge. The result is a unifying framework for modeling and analyzing multi-agent, knowledge-based, dynamic systems. On…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Alessandro Aldini

This paper extends the applications of belief-networks to include the revision of belief commitments, i.e., the categorical acceptance of a subset of hypotheses which, together, constitute the most satisfactory explanation of the evidence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-12 Judea Pearl

The usual semantics of multi-agent epistemic logic is based on Kripke models, defined in terms of binary relations on a set of possible worlds. Recently, there has been a growing interest in using simplicial complexes rather than graphs, as…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Éric Goubault , Jérémy Ledent , Sergio Rajsbaum

We introduce a logic for temporal beliefs and intentions based on Shoham's database perspective. We separate strong beliefs from weak beliefs. Strong beliefs are independent from intentions, while weak beliefs are obtained by adding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-04-27 Marc van Zee , Dragan Doder

Traditionally, an agent's beliefs would come from what the agent can see, hear, or sense. In the modern world, beliefs are often based on the data available to the agents. In this work, we investigate a dynamic logic of such beliefs that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Junli Jiang , Pavel Naumov , Wenxuan Zhang

Belief revision and update, two significant types of belief change, both focus on how an agent modify her beliefs in presence of new information. The most striking difference between them is that the former studies the change of beliefs in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Quanlong Guan , Tong Zhu , Liangda Fang , Junming Qiu , Zhao-Rong Lai , Weiqi Luo

We propose a new paradigm for Belief Change in which the new information is represented as sets of models, while the agent's body of knowledge is represented as a finite set of formulae, that is, a finite base. The focus on finiteness is…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Ricardo Guimarães , Ana Ozaki , Jandson S. Ribeiro

The research on non-prioritized revision studies revision operators which do not accept all new beliefs. In this paper, we contribute to this line of research by introducing the concept of dynamic-limited revision, which are revisions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Kai Sauerwald , Gabriele Kern-Isberner , Christoph Beierle

A major challenge for world models in multi-agent systems is to understand interdependent agent dynamics, predict interactive multi-agent trajectories, and plan over long horizons with collective awareness, without centralized supervision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Lingyi Wang , Rashed Shelim , Walid Saad , Naren Ramakrishna

As multi-agent systems are increasingly utilized for reasoning and decision-making applications, there is a greater need for LLM-based agents to have something resembling propositional beliefs. One simple method for doing so is to include…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Onur Bilgin , Abdullah As Sami , Sriram Sai Vujjini , John Licato

The traditional approach to POMDPs is to convert them into fully observed MDPs by considering a belief state as an information state. However, a belief-state based approach requires perfect knowledge of the system dynamics and is therefore…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-01 Amit Sinha , Aditya Mahajan

This paper studies the realizability of belief revision and belief contraction operators in epistemic spaces. We observe that AGM revision and AGM contraction operators for epistemic spaces are only realizable in precisely determined…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Kai Sauerwald , Matthias Thimm

In most multiagent applications, communication is essential among agents to coordinate their actions, and thus achieve their goal. However, communication often has a related cost that affects overall system performance. In this paper, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-07-13 Abeer Alshehri , Tim Miller , Liz Sonenberg

The AGM recovery postulate says: assume a set of propositions X; assume that it is consistent and that it is closed under logical consequences; remove a belief P from the set minimally, but make sure that the resultant set is again some set…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-01-28 Ryuta Arisaka

The study of belief change has been an active area in philosophy and AI. In recent years two special cases of belief change, belief revision and belief update, have been studied in detail. In a companion paper (Friedman & Halpern, 1997), we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 N Friedman , J. Y. Halpern

Probabilistic model checking is a technique for formal automated reasoning about software or hardware systems that operate in the context of uncertainty or stochasticity. It builds upon ideas and techniques from a diverse range of fields,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-08 David Parker

Justification logics are epistemic logics that explicitly include justifications for the agents' knowledge. We develop a multi-agent justification logic with evidence terms for individual agents as well as for common knowledge. We define a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Samuel Bucheli , Roman Kuznets , Thomas Studer