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Precision medicine tailors treatments to individual patient characteristics, which is especially valuable for conditions like obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), where treatment responses vary widely. Traditional trials often overlook subgroup…

Applications · Statistics 2025-03-20 Lara Maleyeff , Shirin Golchi , Erica E. M. Moodie , R. John Kimoff

Heterogeneous presentation of a neurological disorder suggests potential differences in the underlying pathophysiological changes that occur in the brain. We propose to model heterogeneous patterns of functional network differences using a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Nicha C. Dvornek , Xiaoxiao Li , Juntang Zhuang , Pamela Ventola , James S. Duncan

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a heterogeneous, multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by beta-amyloid, pathologic tau, and neurodegeneration. There are no effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease at a late stage, urging…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-28 Enze Xu , Jingwen Zhang , Jiadi Li , Qianqian Song , Defu Yang , Guorong Wu , Minghan Chen

Advances in camera-based physiological monitoring have enabled the robust, non-contact measurement of respiration and the cardiac pulse, which are known to be indicative of the sleep stage. This has led to research into camera-based sleep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Jonathan F. Carter , João Jorge , Oliver Gibson , Lionel Tarassenko

Automatic sleep staging commonly adopts Transformers under the assumption that they learn complex long-range dependencies. We challenge this view by revealing a neglected property of sleep sequences: strong local temporal continuity. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Guisong Liu , Xin Gao , Martin Dresler , Jiansong Zhang , Pengfei Wei

Human pose estimation has been widely studied with much focus on supervised learning requiring sufficient annotations. However, in real applications, a pretrained pose estimation model usually need be adapted to a novel domain with no…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Xixia Xu , Qi Zou , Xue Lin

The human sleep-cycle has been divided into discrete sleep stages that can be recognized in electroencephalographic (EEG) and other bio-signals by trained specialists or machine learning systems. It is however unclear whether these…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-18 Claus Metzner , Achim Schilling , Maximilian Traxdorf , Holger Schulze , Konstantin Tziridis , Patrick Krauss

Painting classification plays a vital role in organizing, finding, and suggesting artwork for digital and classic art galleries. Existing methods struggle with adapting knowledge from the real world to artistic images during training,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Mridula Vijendran , Frederick W. B. Li , Jingjing Deng , Hubert P. H. Shum

Diffusion models have shown promising results in speech enhancement, using a task-adapted diffusion process for the conditional generation of clean speech given a noisy mixture. However, at test time, the neural network used for score…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Bunlong Lay , Jean-Marie Lemercier , Julius Richter , Timo Gerkmann

We introduce an entropy-based classification method for pairs of sequences (ECPS) for quantifying mutual dependencies in heart rate and beat-to-beat blood pressure recordings. The purpose of the method is to build a classifier for data in…

Transfer learning enables solving a specific task having limited data by using the pre-trained deep networks trained on large-scale datasets. Typically, while transferring the learned knowledge from source task to the target task, the last…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-04 S. H. Shabbeer Basha , Sravan Kumar Vinakota , Viswanath Pulabaigari , Snehasis Mukherjee , Shiv Ram Dubey

Sleep quality is central to human health, yet reliable and scalable sleep assessment remains an unmet challenge in both clinical and home-care settings. Manual scoring is labor-intensive and impractical for long-term monitoring, whereas…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Shengwei Guo , Guobing Sun

In this work we introduce a novel meta-learning method for sleep scoring based on self-supervised learning. Our approach aims at building models for sleep scoring that can generalize across different patients and recording facilities, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Abdelhak Lemkhenter , Paolo Favaro

Deep learning-based automatic sleep staging has significantly advanced in performance and plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of sleep disorders. However, those models often struggle to generalize on unseen subjects due to variability in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Sangmin Jo , Jee Seok Yoon , Wootaek Jeong , Kwanseok Oh , Heung-Il Suk

This study investigated age-related changes in functional connectivity using resting-state fMRI and explored the efficacy of traditional deep learning for classifying brain developmental stages (BDS). Functional connectivity was assessed…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-28 Prerna Singh , Kuldeep Singh Yadav , Lalan Kumar , Tapan Kumar Gandhi

Insomnia affects a vast population of the world and can have a wide range of causes. Existing treatments for insomnia have been linked with many side effects like headaches, dizziness, etc. As such, there is a clear need for improved…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Kevin Monteiro , Sam Nallaperuma-Herzberg , Martina Mason , Steve Niederer

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are notably prevalent among patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), posing unique challenges in predicting CVD progression due to the intricate interactions of comorbidities. Traditional models typically…

Applications · Statistics 2024-07-02 Duy Nguyen , Ca Hoang , Phat K. Huynh , Tien Truong , Dang Nguyen , Abhay Sharma , Trung Q. Le

Recent progress in diffusion-based audio generation and restoration has substantially improved performance across heterogeneous conditioning regimes, including text-conditioned audio generation and audio-conditioned super-resolution.…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Xuanhao Zhang , Chang Li

The classification of clinical notes into specific diagnostic categories is critical in healthcare, especially for mental health conditions like Anxiety and Adjustment Disorder. In this study, we compare the performance of various…

Objective: To develop multisensor-wearable-device sleep monitoring algorithms that are robust to health disruptions affecting sleep patterns. Methods: We develop an unsupervised transfer learning algorithm based on a multivariate hidden…

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