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Vision language models (VLMs) have achieved impressive performance across a variety of computer vision tasks. However, the multimodal reasoning capability has not been fully explored in existing models. In this paper, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Xintong Zhang , Zhi Gao , Bofei Zhang , Pengxiang Li , Xiaowen Zhang , Yang Liu , Tao Yuan , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia , Song-Chun Zhu , Qing Li

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive performance in understanding visual content with language instruction by converting visual inputs to vision tokens. However, redundancy in vision tokens results in the degraded inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Sixun Dong , Juhua Hu , Mian Zhang , Ming Yin , Yanjie Fu , Qi Qian

We present MobileVLM, a competent multimodal vision language model (MMVLM) targeted to run on mobile devices. It is an amalgamation of a myriad of architectural designs and techniques that are mobile-oriented, which comprises a set of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-02 Xiangxiang Chu , Limeng Qiao , Xinyang Lin , Shuang Xu , Yang Yang , Yiming Hu , Fei Wei , Xinyu Zhang , Bo Zhang , Xiaolin Wei , Chunhua Shen

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have achieved huge success in the natural language processing (NLP) field, driving a growing demand to extend their deployment from the cloud to edge devices. However, deploying LLMs on…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Yanbiao Liang , Huihong Shi , Haikuo Shao , Zhongfeng Wang

Despite achieving remarkable performance on various vision-language tasks, Transformer-based Vision-Language Models (VLMs) suffer from redundancy in inputs and parameters, significantly hampering their efficiency in real-world applications.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Zekun Wang , Jingchang Chen , Wangchunshu Zhou , Haichao Zhu , Jiafeng Liang , Liping Shan , Ming Liu , Dongliang Xu , Qing Yang , Bing Qin

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have been widely adopted to guide vision foundation models in performing reasoning segmentation tasks, achieving impressive performance. However, the substantial computational overhead associated with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Hanning Chen , Yang Ni , Wenjun Huang , Hyunwoo Oh , Yezi Liu , Tamoghno Das , Mohsen Imani

Perception is a fundamental task in the field of computer vision, encompassing a diverse set of subtasks that can be systematically categorized into four distinct groups based on two dimensions: prediction type and instruction type.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Wentao Xiang , Haoxian Tan , Cong Wei , Yujie Zhong , Dengjie Li , Yujiu Yang

Large vision-language models (VLMs) enable joint processing of text and images. However, incorporating vision data significantly increases the prompt length, resulting in a longer time to first token (TTFT). This bottleneck can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Tharun Adithya Srikrishnan , Deval Shah , Timothy Hein , Ahmed Hasssan , Stephen Youn , Steven K. Reinhardt

Speculative decoding (SD) has emerged as an effective technique to accelerate large language model (LLM) inference without compromising output quality. However, the achievable speedup largely depends on the effectiveness of the drafting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Min Fang , Zhihui Fu , Qibin Zhao , Jun Wang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) deliver impressive performance in understanding visual content with language instructions. However, redundancy in vision tokens results in the degenerated inference efficiency of VLMs, which hinders real-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Qinyu Chen , Jiawen Qi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel across diverse tasks but suffer from high inference costs in time and memory. Token sparsity mitigates inefficiencies in token usage, while neuron sparsity reduces high-dimensional computations, both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Qinsi Wang , Hancheng Ye , Ming-Yu Chung , Yudong Liu , Yueqian Lin , Martin Kuo , Mingyuan Ma , Jianyi Zhang , Yiran Chen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

Recent advances on Multi-modal Large Language Models have demonstrated that high-resolution image input is crucial for model capabilities, especially for fine-grained tasks. However, high-resolution images lead to a quadratic increase in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Yuke Zhu , Chi Xie , Shuang Liang , Bo Zheng , Sheng Guo

Autoregressive large language models (LLMs) deliver strong performance but require inherently sequential decoding, leading to high inference latency and poor GPU utilization. Speculative decoding mitigates this bottleneck by using a fast…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jian Chen , Yesheng Liang , Zhijian Liu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are expensive because the LLM processes hundreds of largely redundant visual tokens. Existing token reduction methods typically exploit \textit{either} vision-encoder saliency (broad but query-agnostic)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Dhruv Parikh , Haoyang Fan , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

Large language models typically generate tokens autoregressively, using each token as input for the next. Recent work on Speculative Decoding has sought to accelerate this process by employing a smaller, faster draft model to more quickly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Bradley McDanel

Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across various visual understanding and reasoning tasks, driven by incorporating image representations into the token inputs of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Kevin Y. Li , Sachin Goyal , Joao D. Semedo , J. Zico Kolter

Recent vision-language models (VLMs) typically rely on a single vision encoder trained with contrastive image-text objectives, such as CLIP-style pretraining. While contrastive encoders are effective for cross-modal alignment and retrieval,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Ankan Deria , Komal Kumar , Xilin He , Imran Razzak , Hisham Cholakkal , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Salman Khan

This paper introduces an efficient Vision-Language Model (VLM) pipeline specifically optimized for deployment on embedded devices, such as those used in robotics and autonomous driving. The pipeline significantly reduces the computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jin Huang , Yuchao Jin , Le An , Josh Park

The rapid success of Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) often depends on the high-resolution images with abundant visual tokens, which hinders training and deployment efficiency. Current training-free visual token compression methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Jianjian Li , Junquan Fan , Feng Tang , Gang Huang , Shitao Zhu , Songlin Liu , Nian Xie , Wulong Liu , Yong Liao