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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful framework to overcome the knowledge limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external retrieval with language generation. While early RAG systems based on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Jintao Liang , Gang Su , Huifeng Lin , You Wu , Rui Zhao , Ziyue Li

The expansion of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) into multimodal domains has intensified the challenge for processing complex visual documents, such as financial reports. While page-level chunking and retrieval is a natural starting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Zhengren Wang , Dongsheng Ma , Huaping Zhong , Jiayu Li , Wentao Zhang , Bin Wang , Conghui He

We present Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Code Synthesis (ARCS), a system that improves LLM-based code generation without fine-tuning. ARCS operates through a budgeted synthesize-execute-repair loop over a frozen model: it retrieves relevant…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Manish Bhattarai , Miguel Cordova , Minh Vu , Javier Santos , Ismael Boureima , Dan O'Malley

Agent-compiled knowledge bases provide persistent external knowledge for large language model (LLM) agents in open-ended, knowledge-intensive downstream tasks. Yet their quality is systematically limited by \emph{incompleteness},…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haoyu Huang , Jiaxin Bai , Shujie Liu , Yang Wei , Hong Ting Tsang , Yisen Gao , Zhongwei Xie , Yufei Li , Yangqiu Song

Systematic literature reviews are essential for synthesizing scientific evidence but are costly, difficult to scale and time-intensive, creating bottlenecks for evidence-based policy. We study whether large language models can automate the…

LLM agents require retrieval to behave less like one-shot context fetching and more like reasoning: searching, reading, traversing, and deciding when evidence is sufficient. Yet current Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems organize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Haoliang Ming , Feifei Li , Xiaoqing Wu , Wenhui Que

Large language models (LLMs) inevitably exhibit hallucinations since the accuracy of generated texts cannot be secured solely by the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Although retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a practicable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shi-Qi Yan , Jia-Chen Gu , Yun Zhu , Zhen-Hua Ling

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems typically treat documents as flat text, ignoring the structured metadata and linked relationships that knowledge graphs provide. In this paper, we investigate whether structured linked data,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Andrea Volpini , Elie Raad , Beatrice Gamba , David Riccitelli

Multilingual document understanding remains limited for low-resource languages due to scarce training data and model-based annotation pipelines that perpetuate existing biases. We introduce DocAtlas, a framework that constructs…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used to support software developers in tasks such as code generation, optimization, and documentation. However, their ability to improve existing programming answers in a human-like manner remains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Suborno Deb Bappon , Saikat Mondal , Chanchal K. Roy , Kevin Schneider

Long-horizon code generation requires sustained context and adaptive expertise across domains. Current multi-agent systems use static workflows that cannot adapt when runtime analysis reveals unanticipated complexity. We propose AgentSpawn,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Igor Costa

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has transformed information access and reasoning through open-ended natural language interaction. However, LLMs remain limited by static knowledge, factual hallucinations, and the inability to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Minhua Lin , Zongyu Wu , Zhichao Xu , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Charu Aggarwal , Hui Liu , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit factual inconsistencies and logical decay in extended, multi-turn dialogues, a challenge stemming from their reliance on static, pre-trained knowledge and an inability to reason adaptively over the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Xiang Lei , Qin Li , Min Zhang , Min Zhang

A semantic gap separates how users describe tasks from how tools are documented. As API ecosystems scale to tens of thousands of endpoints, static retrieval from the initial query alone cannot bridge this gap: the agent's understanding of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Kyle Zheng , Han Zhang , Renliang Sun , Chenchen Ye , Wei Wang

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agentic systems have shown growing promise in tackling complex, multi-step tasks through autonomous planning, reasoning, and interaction with external environments. However, the stochastic nature of LLM…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Shuo Yan , Xiaolin Wen , Shaolun Ruan , Yanjie Zhang , Jiaming Mi , Yushi Sun , Huamin Qu , Rui Sheng

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong capabilities as decision-making agents by interleaving reasoning and actions, as seen in ReAct-style frameworks. Yet, their practical deployment is constrained by high inference costs and large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jun Liu , Zhenglun Kong , Peiyan Dong , Changdi Yang , Tianqi Li , Hao Tang , Geng Yuan , Wei Niu , Wenbin Zhang , Pu Zhao , Xue Lin , Dong Huang , Yanzhi Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by grounding responses with retrieved information. As an emerging paradigm, Agentic RAG further enhances this process by introducing autonomous LLM agents into the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yunjia Xi , Jianghao Lin , Menghui Zhu , Yongzhao Xiao , Zhuoying Ou , Jiaqi Liu , Tong Wan , Bo Chen , Weiwen Liu , Yasheng Wang , Ruiming Tang , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

AI-based systems, currently driven largely by LLMs and tool-using agentic harnesses, are increasingly discussed as a possible threat to software engineering. Foundation models get stronger, agents can plan and act across multiple steps, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Robert Feldt , Per Lenberg , Julian Frattini , Dhasarathy Parthasarathy

The growing demand for automated graph algorithm reasoning has attracted increasing attention in the large language model (LLM) community. Recent LLM-based graph reasoning methods typically decouple task descriptions from graph data,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Fali Wang , Chenglin Weng , Xianren Zhang , Siyuan Hong , Hui Liu , Suhang Wang

As LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) become more autonomous, their free-form interactions increasingly dominate system behavior. However, scaling the number of agents often amplifies context pressure, coordination errors, and system…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Weihao Zhang , Yitong Zhou , Huanyu Qu , Hongyi Li
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