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We propose a non-parametric frequency-domain method to identify small-signal $dq$-asymmetric grid impedances, over a wide frequency band, using grid-connected converters. Existing identification methods are faced with significant…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-15 Mohamed Abdalmoaty , Verena Häberle , Xiuqiang He , Florian Dörfler

Load-generation balance and system inertia are essential for maintaining frequency in power systems. Power grids are equipped with Rate-of-Change-of Frequency (ROCOF) and Load Shedding (LS) relays in order to keep load-generation balance.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-25 Mohamadsaleh Jafari , Md Hassan Shahriar , Mohammad Ashiqur Rahman , Sumit Paudyal

In order to prevent the potential frequency instability due to the high Power Electronics (PE) penetration under an unintentional islanding event, this paper presents a novel microgrid scheduling model which explicitly models the system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-01 Zhongda Chu , Ning Zhang , Fei Teng

In this paper, we introduce the radio frequency interference monitor deployed at the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory. It provides 2 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth, supporting channel bandwidths as fine as ~100 Hz for 1 s…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Nicholas Bruce , Charl Baard , Stephen Harrison , Mohammad Islam , Abraham J. Otto , Dustin Lagoy , Robert Messing , Benoit Robert , Timothy Robishaw , Peter F. Driessen

This paper introduces a novel metric, termed the Generalized Fiedler Vector (GFV), to evaluate the \textit{dynamic connectivity} in power systems. The proposed metric leverages the network connectivity, represented by the system Laplacian…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Bruno Pinheiro , Daniel Dotta

This paper compares the impact of different conventional and emerging technologies and control strategies on frequency quality. We study, in particular, the long-term dynamic performance of grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Taulant Kerci , Federico Milano

To address the frequency stability challenges posed by the rising penetration of power electronics in power systems, HVDC-connected offshore wind power plants (OWPPs) are increasingly expected to provide inertial response and frequency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Zhenghua XU , Dominic Groß , George Alin Raducu , Behnam Nouri , Oscar Saborío-Romano , Nicolaos A. Cutululis

This paper proposes and compares experimentally several methods to estimate the series resistance and reactance (i.e., the transversal components of the $\pi$-model of a line) of low-voltage lines in distribution grids. It first shows that…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-08 Plouton Grammatikos , Ali Mohamed Ali , Fabrizio Sossan

Power system frequency could be captured by digital recordings and extracted to compare with a reference database for forensic time-stamp verification. It is known as the electric network frequency (ENF) criterion, enabled by the properties…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Guang Hua , Qingyi Wang , Dengpan Ye , Haijian Zhang

Grid-forming voltage-source converter (GFM-VSC) may experience low-frequency resonances, such as synchronous resonance (SR) and sub-synchronous resonance (SSR), in the output power. This paper offers a comprehensive study on the root causes…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-23 Fangzhou Zhao , Tianhua Zhu , Zejie Li , Xiongfei Wang

Recent advances in precise phasor measurement units are enabling new approaches to estimate distribution and transmission grid parameters in real-time. In this paper, we investigate voltage and current phasor measurement requirements to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Norak Rin , Iman Shames , Ian Petersen , Elizabeth Ratnam

Conventional frequency-domain full-waveform inversion (FWI) is typically implemented with an $L^2$ misfit function, which suffers from challenges such as cycle skipping and sensitivity to noise. While the Wasserstein metric has proven…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-10 Zhijun Zeng , Matej Neumann , Yunan Yang

Frequency control following a contingency event is of vital concern in power system operations. Leveraging inverter-based resources, it is not hard to shape the center of inertia (COI) frequency nicely. However, under weak grid conditions,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-28 Yan Jiang , Wei Chen , Zhaomin Lyu , Xunning Zhang , Dan Wang , Shinji Hara

The dynamic response of power grids to small events or persistent stochastic disturbances influences their stable operation. Low-frequency inter-area oscillations are of particular concern due to insufficient damping. This paper studies the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-20 Manish K. Singh , Vassilis Kekatos

Power systems with a high penetration of renewable generation are vulnerable to frequency oscillation and voltage instability. Traditionally, the stability of power systems is considered either in terms of local stability or as an angle…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-31 Xinyuan Jiang , Constantino M. Lagoa , Daning Huang , Yan Li

The wide deployment of renewable generation and the gradual decrease in the overall system inertia make modern power grids more vulnerable to transient instabilities and unacceptable frequency fluctuations. Time-domain simulation-based…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-03 Dongchan Lee , Liviu Aolaritei , Thanh Long Vu , Konstantin Turitsyn

There has been widespread global increasing use of renewable energy sources, which are usually connected to the electricity grids via power electronic inverters. Traditionally, these inverter-based resources operate in either grid-forming…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Zhenshuai Liu , Yitong Li , Zirui Wang , Jiashuo Gu , Yao Qin , Jinjun Liu

In power systems with high penetration of power electronics, grid-forming control is proposed to replace traditional Grid-Following Converter (GFL) in order to improve the overall system strength and resist small-signal instability in weak…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-31 Guoxuan Cui , Zhongda Chu , Fei Teng

This paper presents a simple and accurate method for the inclusion of linear, time-invariant (LTI) networks, described by RF frequency-domain data, within equivalent baseband time-domain simulations. The time-domain representation is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-21 Justin B. King

This paper develops a new analytical model to estimate real-time variations in grid frequency and voltages resulting from dynamic network reconfiguration (DNR). In the proposed model, switching operations are considered as discrete…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-15 Jae-Young Park , Young-Jin Kim