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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as simulated participants in social science experiments, but their behavior is often unstable and highly sensitive to design choices. Prior evaluations frequently conflate base-model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xuan Liu , Haoyang Shang , Zizhang Liu , Xinyan Liu , Yunze Xiao , Yiwen Tu , Haojian Jin

The Metacognitive Probe is an exploratory five-task, 15-slot diagnostic that decomposes an LLM's confidence behaviour into five behaviourally-distinct dimensions: confidence calibration (T1-CC), epistemic vigilance (T2-EV), knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Rafael C. T. Oliveira

AI scientist systems are increasingly deployed for autonomous research, yet their academic integrity has never been systematically evaluated. We introduce SCIINTEGRITY-BENCH, the first benchmark designed around a dilemmatic evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zonglin Yang , Xingtong Liu , Xinyan Xu

As data-science agents shift from co-pilots to auto-pilots, silent misframing becomes a critical failure mode. Agents quietly commit to plausible but unintended task framings, producing clean, executable artifacts that hide their incorrect…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Josefa Lia Stoisser , Marc Boubnovski Martell , Sidsel Boldsen , Kaspar Märtens , Robert Kitchen

Workspace learning requires AI agents to identify, reason over, exploit, and update explicit and implicit dependencies among heterogeneous files in a worker's workspace, enabling them to complete both routine and advanced tasks effectively.…

LLM agents are increasingly deployed as executable systems that use tools, modify workspaces, and produce concrete artifacts. In such workflows, performance depends not only on the base model, but also on the harness: the system layer that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yilun Yao , Xinyu Tan , Chao-Hsuan Liu , Yaoming Li , Zhengyang Wang , Wenhan Yu , Zhewen Tan , Yuxuan Tian , Guangxiang Zhao , Lin Sun , Xiangzheng Zhang , Tong Yang

Large Language Models are commonly judged by their scores on standard benchmarks, yet such scores often overstate real capability since they mask the mix of skills a task actually demands. For example, ARC is assumed to test reasoning,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Dongjun Kim , Gyuho Shim , Yongchan Chun , Minhyuk Kim , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

Existing Agent benchmarks suffer from two critical limitations: high environment interaction overhead (up to 41\% of total evaluation time) and imbalanced task horizon and difficulty distributions that make aggregate scores unreliable. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Wang Yang , Chaoda Song , Xinpeng Li , Debargha Ganguly , Chuang Ma , Shouren Wang , Zhihao Dou , Yuli Zhou , Vipin Chaudhary , Xiaotian Han

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are deployed as collaborators in human decision-making. Yet, evaluation practices focus primarily on model accuracy rather than whether human-AI teams are prepared to collaborate safely and effectively.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Min Hun Lee

Existing benchmarks for LLM-based vulnerability detection compress model performance into a single metric, which fails to reflect the distinct priorities of different stakeholders. For example, a CISO may emphasize high recall of critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Subho Halder , Siddharth Saxena , Kashinath Kadaba Shrish , Thiyagarajan M

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to use external tools unlocks powerful real-world interactions, making rigorous evaluation essential. However, current benchmarks primarily report final accuracy, revealing what models can do but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Qihao Wang , Yue Hu , Mingzhe Lu , Jiayue Wu , Yanbing Liu , Yuanmin Tang

As large language models (LLMs) become high-privilege agents in risk-sensitive settings, they introduce systemic threats beyond hallucination, where minor compliance errors can cause critical data leaks. However, existing benchmarks focus…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jinru Ding , Chao Ding , Yidong Jiang , Wenrao Pang , Boyi Xiao , Zhiqiang Liu , Jiayuan Chen , Yun Zhong , Tiantian Yuan , Junming Guan , Dawei Cheng , Jie Xu

We introduce a multi-turn benchmark for evaluating personalised alignment in LLM-based AI assistants, focusing on their ability to handle user-provided safety-critical contexts. Our assessment of ten leading models across five scenarios…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Lize Alberts , Benjamin Ellis , Andrei Lupu , Jakob Foerster

Cybersecurity spans multiple interconnected domains, complicating the development of meaningful, labor-relevant benchmarks. Existing benchmarks assess isolated skills rather than integrated performance. We find that pre-trained knowledge of…

Standard accuracy on binary reasoning benchmarks hides critical failure modes: prior collapse, inconsistency under paraphrase, and inability to reason about parameter-dependent dynamics. We present ChaosBench-Logic v2, a 40,886-question…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Noel Thomas

Enterprise agents increasingly operate inside scoped retrieval systems, delegated workflows, and policy-constrained evidence environments. In these settings, access control can be enforced correctly while the system still produces an answer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Krti Tallam

AI agents have the potential to aid users on a variety of consequential tasks, including conducting scientific research. To spur the development of useful agents, we need benchmarks that are challenging, but more crucially, directly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Zachary S. Siegel , Sayash Kapoor , Nitya Nagdir , Benedikt Stroebl , Arvind Narayanan

Safety alignment in Large Language Models is critical for healthcare; however, reliance on binary refusal boundaries often results in \emph{over-refusal} of benign queries or \emph{unsafe compliance} with harmful ones. While existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zhihao Zhang , Liting Huang , Guanghao Wu , Preslav Nakov , Heng Ji , Usman Naseem

We introduce AutoMonitor-Bench, the first benchmark designed to systematically evaluate the reliability of LLM-based misbehavior monitors across diverse tasks and failure modes. AutoMonitor-Bench consists of 3,010 carefully annotated test…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Shu Yang , Jingyu Hu , Tong Li , Hanqi Yan , Wenxuan Wang , Di Wang

Existing memory benchmarks for LLM agents evaluate explicit recall of facts, yet overlook implicit memory where experience becomes automated behavior without conscious retrieval. This gap is critical: effective assistants must automatically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Chonghan Qin , Xiachong Feng , Weitao Ma , Xiaocheng Feng , Lingpeng Kong
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