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While large language models have significantly accelerated scientific code generation, comprehensively evaluating the generated code remains a major challenge. Traditional benchmarks reduce evaluation to test-case matching, an approach…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Hong Zhang , Barry Smith , Satish Balay , Le Chen , Murat Keceli , Lois Curfman McInnes , Junchao Zhang

Recent advances in agentic AI have shifted the focus from standalone Large Language Models (LLMs) to integrated systems that combine LLMs with tools, memory, and other agents to perform complex tasks. These multi-agent architectures enable…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Sreemaee Akshathala , Bassam Adnan , Mahisha Ramesh , Karthik Vaidhyanathan , Basil Muhammed , Kannan Parthasarathy

Large Language Models (LLMs) based autonomous agents demonstrate multifaceted capabilities to contribute substantially to economic production. However, existing benchmarks remain focused on single agentic capability, failing to capture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Keyu Li , Junhao Shi , Yang Xiao , Mohan Jiang , Jie Sun , Yunze Wu , Dayuan Fu , Shijie Xia , Xiaojie Cai , Tianze Xu , Weiye Si , Wenjie Li , Dequan Wang , Pengfei Liu

Multi-agent systems powered by large language models (LLMs) are transforming enterprise automation, yet systematic evaluation methodologies for assessing tool-use reliability remain underdeveloped. We introduce a comprehensive diagnostic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Donghao Huang , Gauri Malwe , Zhaoxia Wang

Agentic AI systems increasingly act through tool-augmented, multi-step workflows whose failures (unsafe tool use, unauthorised actions, social harm) carry deployment-level consequences. Evaluation practice remains fragmented across isolated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jinhu Qi , Yifan Li , Minghao Zhao , Wentao Zhang , Zijian Zhang , Yaoman Li , Irwin King

AI agents are increasingly deployed to execute important tasks. While rising accuracy scores on standard benchmarks suggest rapid progress, many agents still continue to fail in practice. This discrepancy highlights a fundamental limitation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Stephan Rabanser , Sayash Kapoor , Peter Kirgis , Kangheng Liu , Saiteja Utpala , Arvind Narayanan

Current agentic AI benchmarks predominantly evaluate task completion accuracy, while overlooking critical enterprise requirements such as cost-efficiency, reliability, and operational stability. Through systematic analysis of 12 main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Sushant Mehta

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into high-stakes domains necessitates reliable safety and compliance evaluation. However, existing static benchmarks are ill-equipped to address the dynamic nature of AI risks and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yixu Wang , Xin Wang , Yang Yao , Xinyuan Li , Xibang Yang , Yan Teng , Xingjun Ma , Yingchun Wang

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have evolved into tool-using agents, they remain brittle in long-horizon interactions. Unlike mathematical reasoning where errors are often rectifiable via backtracking, tool-use failures frequently induce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shengda Fan , Xuyan Ye , Yupeng Huo , Zhi-Yuan Chen , Yiju Guo , Shenzhi Yang , Wenkai Yang , Shuqi Ye , Jingwen Chen , Haotian Chen , Xin Cong , Yankai Lin

Agentic AI systems - capable of goal interpretation, world modeling, planning, tool use, long-horizon operation, and autonomous coordination - introduce distinct control failures not addressed by existing safety frameworks. We identify six…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Subramanyam Sahoo

Evaluating large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems remains a critical challenge, as these systems must exhibit reliable coordination, transparent decision-making, and verifiable performance across evolving tasks. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 YenTing Lee , Keerthi Koneru , Zahra Moslemi , Sheethal Kumar , Ramesh Radhakrishnan

Agentic artificial intelligence (AI) is a natural fit for Internet of Things (IoT) and edge systems, but edge deployments are often constrained to models around 8 billion parameters or smaller. An important question is: How much…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Shiqiang Wang , Herbert Woisetschläger

Agent-based AutoML systems rely on large language models to make complex, multi-stage decisions across data processing, model selection, and evaluation. However, existing evaluation practices remain outcome-centric, focusing primarily on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Gaoyuan Du , Amit Ahlawat , Xiaoyang Liu , Jing Wu

Agentic artificial intelligence systems produce outputs through sequences of interdependent autonomous decisions, yet standard evaluation assesses outputs alone and cannot diagnose the underlying process. We develop a behavioral evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mohammad Al Ridhawi , Mahtab Haj Ali , Hussein Al Osman

The rapid deployment of AI agents in commercial settings has outpaced the development of evaluation methodologies that reflect production realities. Existing benchmarks measure agent capabilities through retrospectively curated tasks with…

As industry reports claim agentic AI systems deliver double-digit productivity gains and multi-trillion dollar economic potential, the validity of these claims has become critical for investment decisions, regulatory policy, and responsible…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Kiana Jafari Meimandi , Gabriela Aránguiz-Dias , Grace Ra Kim , Lana Saadeddin , Allie Griffith , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

With the development of foundation model (FM), agentic AI systems are getting more attention, yet their inherent issues like hallucination and poor reasoning, coupled with the frequent ad-hoc nature of system design, lead to unreliable and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Minh-Dung Dao , Quy Minh Le , Hoang Thanh Lam , Duc-Trong Le , Quoc-Viet Pham , Barry O'Sullivan , Hoang D. Nguyen

Foundation model (FM)-based AI agents are rapidly gaining adoption across diverse domains, but their inherent non-determinism and non-reproducibility pose testing and quality assurance challenges. While recent benchmarks provide task-level…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Mohammed Mehedi Hasan , Hao Li , Emad Fallahzadeh , Gopi Krishnan Rajbahadur , Bram Adams , Ahmed E. Hassan

Agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in the software industry, contributing code as collaborators or even autonomous developers. As their presence grows, it becomes important to assess the current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Qixing Zhou , Jiacheng Zhang , Haiyang Wang , Rui Hao , Jiahe Wang , Minghao Han , Yuxue Yang , Shuzhe Wu , Feiyang Pan , Lue Fan , Dandan Tu , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Multi-Agentic AI systems, powered by large language models (LLMs), are inherently non-deterministic and prone to silent failures such as drift, cycles, and missing details in outputs, which are difficult to detect. We introduce the task of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Divya Pathak , Harshit Kumar , Anuska Roy , Felix George , Mudit Verma , Pratibha Moogi
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