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Interacting systems are prevalent in nature, from dynamical systems in physics to complex societal dynamics. The interplay of components can give rise to complex behavior, which can often be explained using a simple model of the system's…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-07 Thomas Kipf , Ethan Fetaya , Kuan-Chieh Wang , Max Welling , Richard Zemel

Neurosymbolic Programming (NP) techniques have the potential to accelerate scientific discovery. These models combine neural and symbolic components to learn complex patterns and representations from data, using high-level concepts or known…

Large Language Models (LLMs) based agents have demonstrated remarkable potential in autonomous task-solving across complex, open-ended environments. A promising approach for improving the reasoning capabilities of LLM agents is to better…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Siyu Xia , Zekun Xu , Jiajun Chai , Wentian Fan , Yan Song , Xiaohan Wang , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin , Haifeng Zhang , Jun Wang

Agentic AI represents a transformative shift in artificial intelligence, but its rapid advancement has led to a fragmented understanding, often conflating modern neural systems with outdated symbolic models -- a practice known as conceptual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Mohamad Abou Ali , Fadi Dornaika

Enabling robots to learn long-horizon manipulation tasks from a handful of demonstrations remains a central challenge in robotics. Existing neuro-symbolic approaches often rely on hand-crafted symbolic abstractions, semantically labeled…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Pierrick Lorang , Johannes Huemer , Timothy Duggan , Kai Goebel , Patrik Zips , Matthias Scheutz

In dynamic open-world environments, autonomous agents often encounter novelties that hinder their ability to find plans to achieve their goals. Specifically, traditional symbolic planners fail to generate plans when the robot's planning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Hong Lu , Pierrick Lorang , Timothy R. Duggan , Jivko Sinapov , Matthias Scheutz

Broadly intelligent agents should form task-specific abstractions that selectively expose the essential elements of a task, while abstracting away the complexity of the raw sensorimotor space. In this work, we present Neuro-Symbolic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yichao Liang , Nishanth Kumar , Hao Tang , Adrian Weller , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Tom Silver , João F. Henriques , Kevin Ellis

Knowledge about space and time is necessary to solve problems in the physical world: An AI agent situated in the physical world and interacting with objects often needs to reason about positions of and relations between objects; and as soon…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Jae Hee Lee , Michael Sioutis , Kyra Ahrens , Marjan Alirezaie , Matthias Kerzel , Stefan Wermter

Deep learning (DL) based language models achieve high performance on various benchmarks for Natural Language Inference (NLI). And at this time, symbolic approaches to NLI are receiving less attention. Both approaches (symbolic and DL) have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Zeming Chen , Qiyue Gao , Lawrence S. Moss

Large language models (LLMs) and theorem provers (TPs) can be effectively combined for verifiable natural language inference (NLI). However, existing approaches rely on a fixed logical formalism, a feature that limits robustness and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Ali Farjami , Luca Redondi , Marco Valentino

System Instructions (SIs), or system prompts, are pivotal for guiding Large Language Models (LLMs) but manual crafting is resource-intensive and often suboptimal. Existing automated methods frequently generate non-human-readable "soft…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jeshwanth Challagundla

An effective way to achieve intelligence is to simulate various intelligent behaviors in the human brain. In recent years, bio-inspired learning methods have emerged, and they are different from the classical mathematical programming…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-04-01 Jieneng Chen , Jingye Chen , Ruiming Zhang , Xiaobin Hu

We introduce a new method for integrating neural networks with logic programming in Neural-Symbolic AI (NeSy), aimed at learning with distant supervision, in which direct labels are unavailable. Unlike prior methods, our approach does not…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Akihiro Takemura , Katsumi Inoue

Neurosymbolic (NeSy) AI studies the integration of neural networks (NNs) and symbolic reasoning based on logic. Usually, NeSy techniques focus on learning the neural, probabilistic and/or fuzzy parameters of NeSy models. Learning the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Matthias Möller , Arvid Norlander , Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires , Luc De Raedt

Integrating logical reasoning and machine learning by approximating logical inference with differentiable operators is a widely used technique in Neuro-Symbolic systems. However, some differentiable operators could bring a significant bias…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Haoyuan He , Wangzhou Dai , Ming Li

The limited priors required by neural networks make them the dominating choice to encode and learn policies using reinforcement learning (RL). However, they are also black-boxes, making it hard to understand the agent's behaviour,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Quentin Delfosse , Hikaru Shindo , Devendra Dhami , Kristian Kersting

Learning generalizable policies for robotic manipulation increasingly relies on large-scale models that map language instructions to actions (L2A). However, this one-way paradigm often produces policies that execute tasks without deeper…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Youngjin Hong , Houjian Yu , Mingen Li , Changhyun Choi

Non-markovian Reinforcement Learning (RL) tasks are very hard to solve, because agents must consider the entire history of state-action pairs to act rationally in the environment. Most works use symbolic formalisms (as Linear Temporal Logic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Elena Umili , Francesco Argenziano , Roberto Capobianco

Recently, skills have been widely adopted in large language model (LLM)-based agent systems across various domains. In existing frameworks, skills are typically injected into the agent reasoning loop as contextual guidance once matched to a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Duling Xu , Zheng Chen , Zaifeng Pan , Jiawei Guan , Dong Dong , Jialin Li , Bangzheng Pu

While large language models have become the prevailing approach for agentic reasoning and planning, their success in symbolic domains does not readily translate to the physical world. Spatial intelligence, the ability to perceive 3D…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Gloria Felicia , Nolan Bryant , Handi Putra , Ayaan Gazali , Eliel Lobo , Esteban Rojas