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Prior work has combined chain-of-thought prompting in large language models (LLMs) with programmatic representations to perform effective and transparent reasoning. While such an approach works well for tasks that only require forward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Xi Ye , Qiaochu Chen , Isil Dillig , Greg Durrett

To express temporal properties of dense-time real-valued signals, the Signal Temporal Logic (STL) has been defined by Maler et al. The work presented a monitoring algorithm deciding the satisfiability of STL formulae on finite discrete…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2012-08-21 Petr Dluhoš , Luboš Brim , David Šafránek

Large language models (LLMs) can generate long-form and coherent text, yet they often hallucinate facts, which undermines their reliability. To mitigate this issue, inference-time methods steer LLM representations toward the "truthful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Farima Fatahi Bayat , Xin Liu , H. V. Jagadish , Lu Wang

Logistics operators, from battlefield coordinators re-routing airlifts ahead of a storm to warehouse managers juggling late trucks, need to make mission-critical decisions. Prevailing methods for logistics planning such as integer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yunhao Yang , Neel P. Bhatt , Christian Ellis , Samuel Li , Alvaro Velasquez , Zhangyang Wang , Ufuk Topcu

Autonomous vehicles are complex systems that are challenging to test and debug. A requirements-driven approach to the development process can decrease the resources required to design and test these systems, while simultaneously increasing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-08-06 Cumhur Erkan Tuncali , Georgios Fainekos , Danil Prokhorov , Hisahiro Ito , James Kapinski

Accurately modeling user preferences is vital not only for improving recommendation performance but also for enhancing transparency in recommender systems. Conventional user profiling methods, such as averaging item embeddings, often…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Milad Sabouri , Masoud Mansoury , Kun Lin , Bamshad Mobasher

Equipped with the capability to call functions, modern large language models (LLMs) can leverage external tools for addressing a range of tasks unattainable through language skills alone. However, the effective execution of these tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Wenxuan Wang , Juluan Shi , Zixuan Ling , Yuk-Kit Chan , Chaozheng Wang , Cheryl Lee , Youliang Yuan , Jen-tse Huang , Wenxiang Jiao , Michael R. Lyu

Early stages of system development involve outlining desired features such as functionality, availability, or usability. Specifications are derived from these features that concretize vague ideas presented in natural languages. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-10-09 Rongjie Yan , Chih-Hong Cheng , Guangquan Zhang , Yesheng Chai

Signal Temporal Logic (STL) has become a popular tool for expressing formal requirements of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). The problem of verifying STL properties of neural network-controlled CPS remains a largely unexplored problem. In this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-10 Navid Hashemi , Bardh Hoxha , Tomoya Yamaguchi , Danil Prokhorov , Geogios Fainekos , Jyotirmoy Deshmukh

Natural language explanations play a fundamental role in Natural Language Inference (NLI) by revealing how premises logically entail hypotheses. Recent work has shown that the interaction of large language models (LLMs) with theorem provers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Xin Quan , Marco Valentino , Louise A. Dennis , André Freitas

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in text-based tasks but often struggle to provide actionable guidance in real-world physical environments. This is because of their inability to recognize their limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Muhammad Saif Ullah Khan , Muhammad Zeshan Afzal , Didier Stricker

TimeML is an XML-based schema for annotating temporal information over discourse. The standard has been used to annotate a variety of resources and is followed by a number of tools, the creation of which constitute hundreds of thousands of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2013-04-30 Leon Derczynski , Hector Llorens , Naushad UzZaman

Most existing prompting methods suffer from the issues of generalizability and consistency, as they often rely on instance-specific solutions that may not be applicable to other instances and lack task-level consistency across the selected…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Chang Gao , Haiyun Jiang , Deng Cai , Shuming Shi , Wai Lam

We present a framework for training trustworthy large language model (LLM) agents for optimization modeling via a verifiable synthetic data generation pipeline. Focusing on linear and mixed-integer linear programming, our approach begins…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Vinicius Lima , Dzung T. Phan , Jayant Kalagnanam , Dhaval Patel , Nianjun Zhou

To enable non-experts to specify long-horizon, multi-robot collaborative tasks, language models are increasingly used to translate natural language commands into formal specifications. However, because translation can occur in multiple…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Shaojun Xu , Xusheng Luo , Yutong Huang , Letian Leng , Ruixuan Liu , Changliu Liu

In multi-agent systems, signal temporal logic (STL) is widely used for path planning to accomplish complex objectives with formal safety guarantees. However, as the number of agents increases, existing approaches encounter significant…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-18 Shiyu Cheng , Luyao Niu , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Andrew Clark , Radha Poovendran

We introduce a metric that can quantify the temporal relaxation of Signal Temporal Logic (STL) specifications and facilitate resilient control synthesis in the face of infeasibilities. The proposed metric quantifies a cumulative notion of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-13 Ali Tevfik Buyukkocak , Derya Aksaray

Autonomous, goal-driven agents powered by LLMs have recently emerged as promising tools for solving challenging problems without the need for task-specific finetuned models that can be expensive to procure. Currently, the design and…

Understanding a Reinforcement Learning (RL) policy is crucial for ensuring that autonomous agents behave according to human expectations. This goal can be achieved using Explainable Reinforcement Learning (XRL) techniques. Although textual…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Ahmad Terra , Mohit Ahmed , Rafia Inam , Elena Fersman , Martin Törngren

Writing temporal logic properties is often a challenging task for users of model-based development frameworks, particularly when translating informal requirements into formal specifications. In this paper, we explore the idea of integrating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Andrea Bombarda , Silvia Bonfanti , Angelo Gargantini , Nico Pellegrinelli