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Extensive quantum error correction is necessary in order to scale quantum hardware to the regime of practical applications. As a result, a significant amount of decoding hardware is necessary to process the colossal amount of data required…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-31 Nicolas Delfosse

We propose a new method called decoupling representation to represent Pauli operators as vectors over $GF(2)$, based on which we propose partially decoupled belief propagation and fully decoupled belief propagation decoding algorithm for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Zhengzhong Yi , Zhipeng Liang , Kaixin Zhong , Yulin Wu , Zhou Fang , Xuan Wang

We show in this work that reinforcement learning can be successfully applied to decoding short to moderate length sparse graph-based channel codes. Specifically, we focus on low-density parity check (LDPC) codes, which for example have been…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Salman Habib , Allison Beemer , Joerg Kliewer

Decoding quantum error-correcting codes is a key challenge in enabling fault-tolerant quantum computation. In the classical setting, linear programming (LP) decoders offer provable performance guarantees and can leverage fast practical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-08 Shouzhen Gu , Mehdi Soleimanifar

We develop novel protocols for generating loss-tolerant quantum codes; these are central for safeguarding information against qubit losses, with most crucial applications in quantum communications. Contrary to current proposals, our method…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-31 Francesco Cesa , Tommaso Feri , Angelo Bassi

Nonbinary LDPC codes have shown superior performance close to the Shannon limit. Compared to binary LDPC codes of similar lengths, they can reach orders of magnitudes lower error rate. However, multitude of design freedoms of nonbinary LDPC…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Yaoyu Tao , Qi Wu

In this paper we describe a single-node, double precision Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) implementation of the Conjugate Gradient algorithm in the context of Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics. As a benchmark of our proposal we invert…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Grzegorz Korcyl , Piotr Korcyl

Due to the high error rate of qubits, detecting and correcting errors is essential for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). Quantum low-density parity-check (QLDPC) codes are one of the most promising quantum error correction…

More than Mbps secret key rate was demonstrated for continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) systems, but real-time postprocessing is not allowed, which is restricted by the throughput of the error correction decoding in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-06 Chuang Zhou , Yang Li , Li Ma , Jie Yang , Wei Huang , Heng Wang , Yujie Luo , Francis C. M. Lau , Yong Li , Bingjie Xu

In theory, Polar codes do not exhibit an error floor under successive-cancellation (SC) decoding. In practice, frame error rate (FER) down to $10^{-12}$ has not been reported with a real SC list (SCL) decoder hardware. This paper presents…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Jiajie Tong , Huazi Zhang , Lingchen Huang , Xiaocheng Liu , Jun Wang

For high throughput applications, turbo-like iterative decoders are implemented with parallel architectures. However, to be efficient parallel architectures require to avoid collision accesses i.e. concurrent read/write accesses should not…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2010-02-23 Cyrille Chavet , Philippe Coussy , Eric Martin , Pascal Urard

This paper presents a partially parallel low-density parity-check (LDPC) decoder designed for the 5G New Radio (NR) standard. The design is using a multi-block parallel architecture with a flooding schedule. The decoder can support any code…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-12 Sina Pourjabar , Gwan S. Choi

Large-scale quantum computers promise transformative speedups, but their viability hinges on fast and reliable quantum error correction (QEC). At the center of QEC are decoders-classical algorithms running on hardware such as FPGAs, GPUs,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Satvik Maurya , Abtin Molavi , Aws Albarghouthi , Swamit Tannu

Computationally expensive, high-accuracy detector simulations are a major bottleneck for many particle physics experiments such as those at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) as well as those planned for future colliders. This challenge has…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-17 P. Alex May , Qibin Liu , Julia Gonski , Benjamin Nachman

A fault-tolerant quantum computer must decode and correct errors faster than they appear to prevent exponential slowdown due to error correction. The Union-Find (UF) decoder is promising with an average time complexity slightly higher than…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-03 Namitha Liyanage , Yue Wu , Siona Tagare , Lin Zhong

This paper presents the Gradient Flow (GF) decoding for LDPC codes. GF decoding, a continuous-time methodology based on gradient flow, employs a potential energy function associated with bipolar codewords of LDPC codes. The decoding process…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Tadashi Wadayama , Lantian Wei

We present a new adaptive parallel algorithm for the challenging problem of multi-dimensional numerical integration on massively parallel architectures. Adaptive algorithms have demonstrated the best performance, but efficient many-core…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Ioannis Sakiotis , Kamesh Arumugam , Marc Paterno , Desh Ranjan , Balša Terzić , Mohammad Zubair

Lowering the resource overhead needed to achieve fault-tolerant quantum computation is crucial to building scalable quantum computers. We show that adapting conventional maximum likelihood (ML) decoders to a small subset of efficiently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Pavithran Iyer , Aditya Jain , Stephen D. Bartlett , Joseph Emerson

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for enabling quantum advantages, with decoding as a central algorithmic primitive. Owing to its importance and intrinsic difficulty, substantial effort has been made to QEC decoder design, among…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Ge Yan , Shanchuan Li , Yuxuan Du

Quantum low-density parity-check codes are promising candidates towards scalable fault-tolerant quantum computation. Among these, bivariate bicycle (BB) codes offer superior encoding rates and large code distance compared to surface codes.…

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