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Graph neural networks (GNNs) leverage message passing mechanisms to learn the topological features of graph data. Traditional GNNs learns node features in a spatial domain unrelated to the topology, which can hardly ensure topological…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Juwei Yue , Haikuo Li , Jiawei Sheng , Xiaodong Li , Taoyu Su , Tingwen Liu , Li Guo

An inverse problem in spectroscopy is considered. The objective is to restore the discrete spectrum from observed spectrum data, taking into account the spectrometer's line spread function. The problem is reduced to solution of a system of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-01-23 Valery Sizikov , Denis Sidorov

With the great success of diffusion models in image generation, diffusion-based image compression is attracting increasing interests. However, due to the random noise introduced in the diffusion learning, they usually produce…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Zhenyu Du , Yanbo Gao , Shuai Li , Yiyang Li , Hui Yuan , Mao Ye

Three-dimensional (3D) medical image enhancement, including denoising and super-resolution, is critical for clinical diagnosis in CT, PET, and MRI. Although diffusion models have shown remarkable success in 2D medical imaging, scaling them…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hongxu Jiang , Fei Li , Boxiao Yu , Ying Zhang , Kaleb Smith , Kuang Gong , Wei Shao

We propose a deconvolution algorithm for images blurred and degraded by a Poisson noise. The algorithm uses a fast proximal backward-forward splitting iteration. This iteration minimizes an energy which combines a \textit{non-linear} data…

Applications · Statistics 2008-12-18 François-Xavier Dupé , Jalal Fadili , Jean Luc Starck

We proposed a method to achieve superresolved optical imaging without beating the diffraction limit of light. This is achieved by magnifying the ideal optical image of the object through higher-order spatial frequency generation while…

Optics · Physics 2016-08-08 Zhixiang Li , Jianji Liu , Guoquan Zhang

Limited by the encoder-decoder architecture, learning-based edge detectors usually have difficulty predicting edge maps that satisfy both correctness and crispness. With the recent success of the diffusion probabilistic model (DPM), we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Yunfan Ye , Kai Xu , Yuhang Huang , Renjiao Yi , Zhiping Cai

The non-uniform photoelectric response of infrared imaging systems results in fixed-pattern stripe noise being superimposed on infrared images, which severely reduces image quality. As the applications of degraded infrared images are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-30 Zeshan Fayyaz , Daniel Platnick , Hannan Fayyaz , Nariman Farsad

We propose a general framework for conditional sampling in PDE-based inverse problems, targeting the recovery of whole solutions from extremely sparse or noisy measurements. This is accomplished by a function-space diffusion model and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Jiachen Yao , Abbas Mammadov , Julius Berner , Gavin Kerrigan , Jong Chul Ye , Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Anima Anandkumar

Although the advances of self-supervised blind denoising are significantly superior to conventional approaches without clean supervision in synthetic noise scenarios, it shows poor quality in real-world images due to spatially correlated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Kanggeun Lee , Kyungryun Lee , Won-Ki Jeong

In this paper, we present a novel reconstruction method for diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging with a commonly used tissue model of optical absorption and scattering. It is based on linearization and group sparsity, which allows…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-06 Habib Ammari , Bangti Jin , Wenlong Zhang

Finding frequently occurring subgraph patterns or network motifs in neural architectures is crucial for optimizing efficiency, accelerating design, and uncovering structural insights. However, as the subgraph size increases,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yikang Yang , Zhengxin Yang , Minghao Luo , Luzhou Peng , Hongxiao Li , Wanling Gao , Lei Wang , Jianfeng Zhan

Speckle noise, inherent in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, degrades the performance of the various SAR image analysis tasks. Thus, speckle noise reduction is a critical preprocessing step for smoothing homogeneous regions while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Fatih Nar

Score-based diffusion models learn to reverse a stochastic differential equation that maps data to noise. However, for complex tasks, numerical error can compound and result in highly unnatural samples. Previous work mitigates this drift…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-12 Aaron Lou , Stefano Ermon

Dimensionality reduction (DR) is characterized by two longstanding trade-offs. First, there is a global-local preservation tension: methods such as t-SNE and UMAP prioritize local neighborhood preservation, yet may distort global manifold…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zeyang Huang , Angelos Chatzimparmpas , Thomas Höllt , Takanori Fujiwara

Speckle reduction is a longstanding topic in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. Many different schemes have been proposed for the restoration of intensity SAR images. Among the different possible approaches, methods based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Emanuele Dalsasso , Xiangli Yang , Loïc Denis , Florence Tupin , Wen Yang

Some recent methods for lossy signal and image compression store only a few selected pixels and fill in the missing structures by inpainting with a partial differential equation (PDE). Suitable operators include the Laplacian, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-06-16 Laurent Hoeltgen , Markus Mainberger , Sebastian Hoffmann , Joachim Weickert , Ching Hoo Tang , Simon Setzer , Daniel Johannsen , Frank Neumann , Benjamin Doerr

Hyperspectral pansharpening is receiving a growing interest since the last few years as testified by a large number of research papers and challenges. It consists in a pixel-level fusion between a lower-resolution hyperspectral datacube and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-14 Giuseppe Guarino , Matteo Ciotola , Gemine Vivone , Giuseppe Scarpa

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a prevalent non-invasive imaging method which provides high resolution volumetric visualization of retina. However, its inherent defect, the speckle noise, can seriously deteriorate the tissue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-31 Dewei Hu , Yuankai K. Tao , Ipek Oguz

Lensless fiber endomicroscope is an emerging tool for in-vivo microscopic imaging, where quantitative phase imaging (QPI) can be utilized as a label-free method to enhance image contrast. However, existing single-shot phase reconstruction…

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