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Large language model (LLM) agents are vulnerable to prompt-injection attacks that propagate through multi-step workflows, tool interactions, and persistent context, making input-output filtering alone insufficient for reliable protection.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hailin Liu , Eugene Ilyushin , Jie Ni , Min Zhu

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are prolonged, stealthy intrusions by skilled adversaries that compromise high-value systems to steal data or disrupt operations. Reconstructing complete attack chains from massive, heterogeneous logs is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Rujie Dai , Peizhuo Lv , Yujiang Gui , Qiujian Lv , Yuanyuan Qiao , Yan Wang , Degang Sun , Weiqing Huang , Yingjiu Li , XiaoFeng Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, enabling their widespread adoption across various domains. However, their susceptibility to prompt injection attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Jinsheng Pan , Xiaogeng Liu , Chaowei Xiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been used to make decisions in complex scenarios, where they need models to think deeply, reason logically, and decide wisely. Many existing studies focus solely on multi-round conversations in social tasks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yiwen Zhang , Ziang Chen , Fanqi Kong , Yizhe Huang , Xue Feng

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the science of connecting multiple devices that coordinate to provide the service in question. IoT environments are complex, dynamic, rapidly changing and resource constrained. Therefore, proactively adapting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Asmaa Achtaich , Nissrine Souissi , Raul Mazo , Camille Salinesi , Ounsa Roudies

Autonomous Machine Learning Engineering (MLE) requires agents to perform sustained, iterative optimization over long horizons. While recent LLM-based agents show promise, current prompt-based agents for MLE suffer from behavioral stagnation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yuzhu Cai , Zexi Liu , Xinyu Zhu , Cheng Wang , Yanfeng Wang , Siheng Chen

The widespread adoption of cloud computing, edge, and IoT has increased the attack surface for cyber threats. This is due to the large-scale deployment of often unsecured, heterogeneous devices with varying hardware and software…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Simone Magnani , Liubov Nedoshivina , Roberto Doriguzzi-Corin , Stefano Braghin , Domenico Siracusa

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning capabilities, largely stimulated by Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR). However, existing RL algorithms face a fundamental limitation:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Junnan Liu , Linhao Luo , Thuy-Trang Vu , Gholamreza Haffari

While large reasoning models demonstrate strong performance on complex tasks, they lack the ability to adjust reasoning token usage based on task difficulty. This often leads to the "overthinking" problem -- excessive and unnecessary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Siye Wu , Jian Xie , Yikai Zhang , Aili Chen , Kai Zhang , Yu Su , Yanghua Xiao

A novel approach is presented in this work for context-aware connectivity and processing optimization of Internet of things (IoT) networks. Different from the state-of-the-art approaches, the proposed approach simultaneously selects the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-04 Metin Ozturk , Attai Ibrahim Abubakar , Rao Naveed Bin Rais , Mona Jaber , Sajjad Hussain , Muhammad Ali Imran

Robots executing iterative tasks in complex, uncertain environments require control strategies that balance robustness, safety, and high performance. This paper introduces a safe information-theoretic learning model predictive control…

We propose a novel conflict resolution framework for IoT services in multi-resident smart homes. An adaptive priority model is developed considering the residents' contextual factors (e.g., age, illness, impairment). The proposed priority…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Dipankar Chaki , Athman Bouguettaya

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance as general purpose agents, but their abilities remain highly dependent on prompts which are hand written with onerous trial-and-error effort. We propose a simple and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Reid Pryzant , Dan Iter , Jerry Li , Yin Tat Lee , Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models are designed to enhance the efficiency of large language models (LLMs) without proportionally increasing the computational demands. However, their deployment on edge devices still faces significant challenges…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Shuzhang Zhong , Ling Liang , Yuan Wang , Runsheng Wang , Ru Huang , Meng Li

Efficient spectrum management in massive-scale wireless networks is increasingly challenged by explosive action spaces and the computational intractability of traditional optimization. This study proposes a Large-Scale LLM-Driven Spectrum…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Ning Yang , Jinliang Gao , Haijun Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a transformative and disruptive technology, enabling a wide range of applications in natural language processing, machine translation, and beyond. However, this widespread integration of LLMs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Mohammad Fasha , Faisal Abul Rub , Nasim Matar , Bilal Sowan , Mohammad Al Khaldy

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning and text generation. However, these models can inadvertently generate unsafe or biased responses when prompted with problematic inputs, raising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Avinash Amballa , Durga Sandeep Saluru , Gayathri Akkinapalli , Abhishek Sureddy , Akshay Kumar Sureddy

Multi-objective preference alignment of large language models (LLMs) is critical for developing AI systems that are more configurable, personalizable, helpful, and safe. However, optimizing model outputs to satisfy diverse objectives with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Raghav Gupta , Ryan Sullivan , Yunxuan Li , Samrat Phatale , Abhinav Rastogi

As the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) devices continues to rise in enterprise environments, the need for effective and efficient security measures becomes increasingly critical. This paper presents a cost-efficient platform to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Carlos A. Rivera A. , Arash Shaghaghi , Gustavo Batista , Salil S. Kanhere

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities, but remain susceptible to a growing spectrum of safety risks, including jailbreaks, toxic content, hallucinations, and bias. Existing defenses often address only a single threat…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Md Rafi Ur Rashid , Vishnu Asutosh Dasu , Ye Wang , Gang Tan , Shagufta Mehnaz