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The increasing adoption of large language models (LLMs) necessitates inference serving systems that can deliver both high throughput and low latency. Deploying LLMs with hundreds of billions of parameters on memory-constrained GPUs exposes…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Bowen Pang , Kai Li , Feifan Wang

Large model inference is shifting from cloud to edge due to concerns about the privacy of user interaction data. However, edge devices often struggle with limited computing power, memory, and bandwidth, requiring collaboration across…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Zonghang Li , Wenjiao Feng , Mohsen Guizani , Hongfang Yu

KV cache management is essential for efficient LLM inference. To maximize utilization, existing inference engines evict finished requests' KV cache if new requests are waiting. This policy breaks for agentic workloads, which interleave LLM…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Hanchen Li , Runyuan He , Qiuyang Mang , Qizheng Zhang , Huanzhi Mao , Xiaokun Chen , Hangrui Zhou , Alvin Cheung , Joseph Gonzalez , Ion Stoica

The explosive growth of interactive Large Language Models (LLMs) has placed unprecedented demands for low latency on cloud GPUs, forcing them into high-power modes and causing escalating energy costs. Real-time inference workloads exhibit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Zicong Ye , Kunming Zhang , Guoming Tang

Serverless computing has emerged as a compelling solution for cloud-based model inference. However, as modern large language models (LLMs) continue to grow in size, existing serverless platforms often face substantial model startup…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Minchen Yu , Rui Yang , Chaobo Jia , Zhaoyuan Su , Sheng Yao , Tingfeng Lan , Yuchen Yang , Zirui Wang , Yue Cheng , Wei Wang , Ao Wang , Ruichuan Chen

Large language model (LLM) inference at the network edge is a promising serving paradigm that leverages distributed edge resources to run inference near users and enhance privacy. Existing edge-based LLM inference systems typically adopt…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Bingjie Zhu , Zhixiong Chen , Liqiang Zhao , Hyundong Shin , Arumugam Nallanathan

We propose a collaborative edge-to-server inference framework for vision-language models (VLMs) that reduces the communication cost while maintaining inference accuracy. In typical deployments, visual data captured at edge devices (clients)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Soochang Song , Yongjune Kim

Serving large language models (LLMs) is expensive, especially for providers hosting many models, making cost reduction essential. The unique workload patterns of serving multiple LLMs (i.e., multi-LLM serving) create new opportunities and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Shan Yu , Jiarong Xing , Yifan Qiao , Mingyuan Ma , Yangmin Li , Yang Wang , Shuo Yang , Zhiqiang Xie , Shiyi Cao , Ke Bao , Ion Stoica , Harry Xu , Ying Sheng

Transformers, driven by attention mechanisms, form the foundation of large language models (LLMs). As these models scale up, efficient GPU attention kernels become essential for high-throughput and low-latency inference. Diverse LLM…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Zihao Ye , Lequn Chen , Ruihang Lai , Wuwei Lin , Yineng Zhang , Stephanie Wang , Tianqi Chen , Baris Kasikci , Vinod Grover , Arvind Krishnamurthy , Luis Ceze

Actively secure arithmetic MPC is now practical for real applications, but performance and usability are still limited by framework-specific compilation stacks, the need for programmers to explicitly express parallelism, and high…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Tianye Dai , Hammurabi Mendes , Heuichan Lim

While scaling laws have been continuously validated in large language models (LLMs) with increasing model parameters, the inherent tension between the inference demands of LLMs and the limited resources of edge devices poses a critical…

Serving large language models (LLMs) efficiently remains challenging due to the high memory and latency overhead of key-value (KV) cache access during autoregressive decoding. We present \textbf{TinyServe}, a lightweight and extensible…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu

The reasoning large language model (RLLM) has been proven competitive in solving complex reasoning tasks such as mathematics, coding, compared to general LLM. However, the serving performance and behavior of RLLM remains unexplored, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Qi Li , Junpan Wu , Xiang Liu , Yuxin Wang , Zeyu Li , Zhenheng Tang , Yuhan Chen , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on mobile devices faces the challenge of insufficient performance in smaller models and excessive resource consumption in larger ones. This paper highlights that mobile Neural Processing Units (NPUs)…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zixu Hao , Jianyu Wei , Tuowei Wang , Minxing Huang , Huiqiang Jiang , Shiqi Jiang , Ting Cao , Ju Ren

The rapid development of large language models (LLM) has greatly enhanced everyday applications. While many FPGA-based accelerators, with flexibility for fine-grained data control, exhibit superior speed and energy efficiency compared to…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Zifan He , Shengyu Ye , Rui Ma , Yang Wang , Jason Cong

In Large Language Model (LLM) inference, the output length of an LLM request is typically regarded as not known a priori. Consequently, most LLM serving systems employ a simple First-come-first-serve (FCFS) scheduling strategy, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Yichao Fu , Siqi Zhu , Runlong Su , Aurick Qiao , Ion Stoica , Hao Zhang

The widespread adoption of LLMs has driven an exponential rise in their deployment, imposing substantial demands on inference clusters. These clusters must handle numerous concurrent queries for different LLM downstream tasks. To handle…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Nikoleta Iliakopoulou , Jovan Stojkovic , Chloe Alverti , Tianyin Xu , Hubertus Franke , Josep Torrellas

Existing approaches to microservice dependency simulation--record-replay, pattern-mining, and specification-driven stubs--generate static artifacts before test execution. These artifacts can only reproduce behaviors encoded at generation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 XinRan Zhang

This work elaborates on a High performance computing (HPC) architecture based on Simple Linux Utility for Resource Management (SLURM) [1] for deploying heterogeneous Large Language Models (LLMs) into a scalable inference engine. Dynamic…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Anderson de Lima Luiz , Shubham Vijay Kurlekar , Munir Georges

Large language models are increasingly integrated with external environments, tools, and agents like ChatGPT plugins to extend their capability beyond language-centric tasks. However, today's LLM inference systems are designed for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Reyna Abhyankar , Zijian He , Vikranth Srivatsa , Hao Zhang , Yiying Zhang