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Amortized variational inference in latent-variable forecasters creates a deployment gap: the test-time encoder approximates a training-time optimization-refined latent, but without access to future targets. This gap introduces unnecessary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Abhijit Gupta

Bias assessment of news sources is paramount for professionals, organizations, and researchers who rely on truthful evidence for information gathering and reporting. While certain bias indicators are discernible from content analysis,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Dairazalia Sánchez-Cortés , Sergio Burdisso , Esaú Villatoro-Tello , Petr Motlicek

Identifying influential nodes plays a pivotal role in understanding, controlling, and optimizing the behavior of complex systems, ranging from social to biological and technological domains. Yet most centrality-based approaches rely on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-12-12 Yajing Hao , Longzhao Liu , Xin Wang , Zhihao Han , Ming Wei , Zhiming Zheng , Shaoting Tang

In this paper, we find that existing online forecasting methods have the following issues: 1) They do not consider the update frequency of streaming data and directly use labels (future signals) to update the model, leading to information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Daojun Liang , Haixia Zhang , Jing Wang , Dongfeng Yuan , Minggao Zhang

Information flow analysis has largely ignored the setting where the analyst has neither control over nor a complete model of the analyzed system. We formalize such limited information flow analyses and study an instance of it: detecting the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-05-13 Michael Carl Tschantz , Amit Datta , Anupam Datta , Jeannette M. Wing

In-context learning (ICL) refers to the process of adding a small number of localized examples from a training set of labelled data to an LLM's prompt with an objective to effectively control the generative process seeking to improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Manish Chandra , Debasis Ganguly , Iadh Ounis

Most existing process compliance monitoring approaches detect compliance violations in an ex post manner. Only predicate prediction focuses on predicting them. However, predicate prediction provides a binary yes/no notion of compliance,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Qian Chen , Stefanie Rinderle-Ma , Lijie Wen

Remote sensing change detection (RSCD) aims to localise changes between two images of the same geographic region. In practice, change masks often follow region-level annotation conventions rather than purely local appearance differences,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Blaž Rolih , Matic Fučka , Filip Wolf , Luka Čehovin Zajc

Large language models (LLMs) face significant challenges in ex-ante reasoning, where analysis, inference, or predictions must be made without access to information from future events. Even with explicit prompts enforcing temporal cutoffs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yachuan Liu , Xiaochun Wei , Lin Shi , Xinnuo Li , Bohan Zhang , Paramveer Dhillon , Qiaozhu Mei

Due to the non-stationarity of time series, the distribution shift problem largely hinders the performance of time series forecasting. Existing solutions either rely on using certain statistics to specify the shift, or developing specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Wei Fan , Shun Zheng , Pengyang Wang , Rui Xie , Kun Yi , Qi Zhang , Jiang Bian , Yanjie Fu

We present a Temporal Rule-Anchored Chain-of-Evidence (TRACE) on knowledge graphs for interpretable stock movement prediction that unifies symbolic relational priors, dynamic graph exploration, and LLM-guided decision making in a single…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Qianggang Ding , Haochen Shi , Luis Castejón Lozano , Miguel Conner , Juan Abia , Luis Gallego-Ledesma , Joshua Fellowes , Gerard Conangla Planes , Adam Elwood , Bang Liu

Time series analysis provides essential insights for real-world system dynamics and informs downstream decision-making, yet most existing methods often overlook the rich contextual signals present in auxiliary modalities. To bridge this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yushan Jiang , Wenchao Yu , Geon Lee , Dongjin Song , Kijung Shin , Wei Cheng , Yanchi Liu , Haifeng Chen

Intent-Based Networking (IBN) simplifies network management, but its reliability is challenged by "intent drift", where the network's state gradually deviates from its intended goal, often leading to silent failures. Conventional approaches…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Md. Kamrul Hossain , Walid Aljoby

Standard autoregressive decoding in large language models (LLMs) is inherently short-sighted, often failing to find globally optimal reasoning paths due to its token-by-token generation process. While inference-time strategies like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Huayu Li , ZhengXiao He , Siyuan Tian , Jinghao Wen , Ao Li

Preventing implicit information flows by dynamic program analysis requires coarse approximations that result in false positives, because a dynamic monitor sees only the executed trace of the program. One widely deployed method is the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-06-17 Abhishek Bichhawat , Vineet Rajani , Deepak Garg , Christian Hammer

Enterprise LLM agents can dramatically improve workplace productivity, but their core capability, retrieving and using internal context to act on a user's behalf, also creates new risks for sensitive information leakage. We introduce…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Wenjie Fu , Xiaoting Qin , Jue Zhang , Qingwei Lin , Lukas Wutschitz , Robert Sim , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang

In this work, we introduce a novel paradigm for generalized In-Context Learning (ICL), termed Indirect In-Context Learning. In Indirect ICL, we explore demonstration selection strategies tailored for two distinct real-world scenarios:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hadi Askari , Shivanshu Gupta , Terry Tong , Fei Wang , Anshuman Chhabra , Muhao Chen

In-context learning (ICL) emerges as a promising capability of large language models (LLMs) by providing them with demonstration examples to perform diverse tasks. However, the underlying mechanism of how LLMs learn from the provided…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Lean Wang , Lei Li , Damai Dai , Deli Chen , Hao Zhou , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Xu Sun

AI agents can extend their capabilities at inference time by loading reusable skills into context, yet equipping an agent with too many skills, particularly irrelevant ones, degrades performance. As community-driven skill repositories grow,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Fangzhou Li , Pagkratios Tagkopoulos , Ilias Tagkopoulos

Predicting future states or actions of a given system remains a fundamental, yet unsolved challenge of intelligence, especially in the scope of complex and non-deterministic scenarios, such as modeling behavior of humans. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-01 Maciej Zięba , Marcin Przewięźlikowski , Marek Śmieja , Jacek Tabor , Tomasz Trzcinski , Przemysław Spurek