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This article presents a novel method for causal discovery with generalized structural equation models suited for analyzing diverse types of outcomes, including discrete, continuous, and mixed data. Causal discovery often faces challenges…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-26 Minjie Wang , Xiaotong Shen , Wei Pan

Learning meaningful causal representations from observations has emerged as a crucial task for facilitating machine learning applications and driving scientific discoveries in fields such as climate science, biology, and physics. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Jiaxu Ren , Yixin Wang , Biwei Huang

Recovering a unique causal graph from observational data is an ill-posed problem because multiple generating mechanisms can lead to the same observational distribution. This problem becomes solvable only by exploiting specific structural or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Ameya Rathod , Sujay Belsare , Salvik Krishna Nautiyal , Dhruv Laad , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru

Many multivariate time series anomaly detection frameworks have been proposed and widely applied. However, most of these frameworks do not consider intrinsic relationships between variables in multivariate time series data, thus ignoring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Falih Gozi Febrinanto , Kristen Moore , Chandra Thapa , Mujie Liu , Vidya Saikrishna , Jiangang Ma , Feng Xia

Understanding causal relationships in multivariate time series (MTS) is essential for effective decision-making in fields such as finance and marketing, where complex dependencies and lagged effects challenge conventional analytical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Meriem Zerkouk , Miloud Mihoubi , Belkacem Chikhaoui

The abundance of fine-grained spatio-temporal data, such as traffic sensor networks, offers vast opportunities for scientific discovery. However, inferring causal relationships from such observational data remains challenging, particularly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-01 Xintong Li , Haoran Zhang , Xiao Zhou

Time-series causal discovery (TSCD) is a fundamental problem of machine learning. However, existing synthetic datasets cannot properly evaluate or predict the algorithms' performance on real data. This study introduces the CausalTime…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Yuxiao Cheng , Ziqian Wang , Tingxiong Xiao , Qin Zhong , Jinli Suo , Kunlun He

Traffic congestion propagation poses significant challenges to urban sustainability, disrupting spatial accessibility. The cascading effect of traffic congestion propagation can cause large-scale disruptions to networks. Existing studies…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Weihua Huan , Kaizhen Tan , Xintao Liu , Shoujun Jia , Shijun Lu , Jing Zhang , Wei Huang

Discovering causal relationship using multivariate functional data has received a significant amount of attention very recently. In this article, we introduce a functional linear structural equation model for causal structure learning when…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-01 Saptarshi Roy , Raymond K. W. Wong , Yang Ni

Streamflow forecasting is crucial for water resource management and risk mitigation. While deep learning models have achieved strong predictive performance, they often overlook underlying physical processes, limiting interpretability and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Shu Wan , Reepal Shah , John Sabo , Huan Liu , K. Selçuk Candan

Recently, differentiable causal discovery has emerged as a promising approach to improve the accuracy and efficiency of existing methods. However, when applied to high-dimensional data or data with latent confounders, these methods, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Pingchuan Ma , Qixin Zhang , Shuai Wang , Dacheng Tao

We introduce a new Collaborative Causal Discovery problem, through which we model a common scenario in which we have multiple independent entities each with their own causal graph, and the goal is to simultaneously learn all these causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Raghavendra Addanki , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan

Multimodal time series (MTS) anomaly detection is crucial for maintaining the safety and stability of working devices (e.g., water treatment system and spacecraft), whose data are characterized by multivariate time series with diverse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Chaoyue Ding , Shiliang Sun , Jing Zhao

We address the problem of causal discovery from data, making use of the recently proposed causal modeling framework of modular structural causal models (mSCM) to handle cycles, latent confounders and non-linearities. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-31 Patrick Forré , Joris M. Mooij

Discovering causal relationships from observational data, particularly in the presence of latent variables, poses a challenging problem. While current local structure learning methods have proven effective and efficient when the focus lies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Feng Xie , Zheng Li , Peng Wu , Yan Zeng , Chunchen Liu , Zhi Geng

Understanding climate dynamics requires going beyond correlations in observational data to uncover their underlying causal process. Latent drivers, such as atmospheric processes, play a critical role in temporal dynamics, while direct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Minghao Fu , Biwei Huang , Zijian Li , Yujia Zheng , Ignavier Ng , Guangyi Chen , Yingyao Hu , Kun Zhang

Uncovering the underlying causal mechanisms of complex real-world systems remains a significant challenge, as these systems often entail high data collection costs and involve unknown interventions. We introduce MetaCaDI, the first…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-28 Hans Jarett Ong , Yoichi Chikahara , Tomoharu Iwata

This paper introduces a new causal structure learning method for nonstationary time series data, a common data type found in fields such as finance, economics, healthcare, and environmental science. Our work builds upon the constraint-based…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-06-10 Agathe Sadeghi , Achintya Gopal , Mohammad Fesanghary

Causal discovery from time series is critical for many real-world applications, such as tracing the root causes of anomalies. Existing approaches typically rely on dataset-specific optimization, making it difficult to transfer their causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Biao Ouyang , Tengxue Zhang , Zhihao Zhuang , Yang Shu , Chenjuan Guo , Bin Yang

This paper studies causal discovery in irregularly sampled time series-a key challenge in risk-sensitive domains like finance, healthcare, and climate science, where missing data and inconsistent sampling frequencies distort causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Weihong Li , Baohong Li , Anpeng Wu , Zhihan Li , Ming Ma , Keting Yin , Kun Kuang