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Recently, video language models (VLMs) have been applied in various fields. However, the visual token sequence of the VLM is too long, which may cause intolerant inference latency and GPU memory usage. Existing methods propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Wei Tao , Xiaoyang Qu , Peiqiang Wang , Guokuan Li , Jiguang Wan , Kai Lu , Jianzong Wang

We introduce xLLM, an intelligent and efficient Large Language Model (LLM) inference framework designed for high-performance, large-scale enterprise-grade serving, with deep optimizations for diverse AI accelerators. To address these…

A lot of recent progress has been made in ultra low-bit quantization, promising significant improvements in latency, memory footprint and energy consumption on edge devices. Quantization methods such as Learned Step Size Quantization can…

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance across various tasks, but deploying them for inference poses challenges. Their high resource demands often necessitate complex, costly multi-GPU pipelines, or the use of smaller,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Runsheng Bai , Bo Liu , Qiang Liu

Ternary weight quantization (e.g., BitNet b1.58) offers a promising path to mitigate the memory bandwidth bottleneck in Large Language Model (LLM) inference. However, conventional compute platforms lack native support for ternary-weight…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Robin Geens , Joran Heldens , Joren Dumoulin , Marian Verhelst

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) deliver exceptional performance but require significant computational resources, limiting their deployment on mobile and edge devices. Smaller VLMs typically mirror design choices of larger models, such…

Specializing large language models (LLMs) for local deployment in domain-specific use cases is necessary for strong performance while meeting latency and privacy constraints. However, conventional task-specific adaptation approaches do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Lanxiang Hu , Tajana Rosing , Hao Zhang

Recent advances in 1-bit Large Language Models (LLMs), such as BitNet and BitNet b1.58, present a promising approach to enhancing the efficiency of LLMs in terms of speed and energy consumption. These developments also enable local LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Jinheng Wang , Hansong Zhou , Ting Song , Shaoguang Mao , Shuming Ma , Hongyu Wang , Yan Xia , Furu Wei

A long-standing goal in both industry and academia is to develop an LLM inference platform that is portable across hardware architectures, eliminates the need for low-level hand-tuning, and still delivers best-in-class efficiency. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Burkhard Ringlein , Jan van Lunteren , Radu Stoica , Thomas Parnell

While Neural Processing Units (NPUs) offer high theoretical efficiency for edge AI, state-of-the-art Vision--Language Models (VLMs) tailored for GPUs often falter on these substrates. We attribute this hardware-model mismatch to two primary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Wei Chen , Liangmin Wu , Yunhai Hu , Zhiyuan Li , Zhiyuan Cheng , Yicheng Qian , Lingyue Zhu , Zhipeng Hu , Luoyi Liang , Qiang Tang , Zhen Liu , Han Yang

Computing-in-Memory (CIM) accelerators are a promising solution for accelerating Machine Learning (ML) workloads, as they perform Matrix-Vector Multiplications (MVMs) on crossbar arrays directly in memory. Although the bit widths of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Rebecca Pelke , Joel Klein , Jose Cubero-Cascante , Nils Bosbach , Jan Moritz Joseph , Rainer Leupers

In this work, we design and implement VQ-LLM, an efficient fused Vector Quantization (VQ) kernel generation framework. We first introduce a software abstraction called codebook cache to optimize codebook access efficiency and support the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Zihan Liu , Xinhao Luo , Junxian Guo , Wentao Ni , Yangjie Zhou , Yue Guan , Cong Guo , Weihao Cui , Yu Feng , Minyi Guo , Yuhao Zhu , Minjia Zhang , Jingwen Leng , Chen Jin

Recent research has shown that large language models (LLMs) can utilize low-precision floating point (FP) quantization to deliver high efficiency while maintaining original model accuracy. In particular, recent works have shown the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Faraz Tahmasebi , Yian Wang , Benji Y. H. Huang , Hyoukjun Kwon

Spatial dataflow accelerators are a promising direction for next-generation computer systems because they can reduce the memory bottlenecks of traditional von Neumann machines such as CPUs and GPUs. They organize computation around…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Wei Li , Zhenyu Bai , Heru Wang , Pranav Dangi , Zhiqiang Zhang , Cheng Tan , Huiying Lan , Weng-Fai Wong , Tulika Mitra

Transformers, while revolutionary, face challenges due to their demanding computational cost and large data movement. To address this, we propose HyFlexPIM, a novel mixed-signal processing-in-memory (PIM) accelerator for inference that…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Chang Eun Song , Priyansh Bhatnagar , Zihan Xia , Nam Sung Kim , Tajana Rosing , Mingu Kang

LLMs are seeing growing use for applications which require large context windows, and with these large context windows KV cache activations surface as the dominant contributor to memory consumption during inference. Quantization is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Coleman Hooper , Sehoon Kim , Hiva Mohammadzadeh , Michael W. Mahoney , Yakun Sophia Shao , Kurt Keutzer , Amir Gholami

The rapid growth of large-language models (LLMs) is driving a new wave of specialized hardware for inference. This paper presents the first workload-centric, cross-architectural performance study of commercial AI accelerators, spanning…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Amit Sharma

Rapid design space exploration in early design stage is critical to algorithm-architecture co-design for accelerators. In this work, a pre-RTL cycle-accurate accelerator simulator based on SystemC transaction-level modeling (TLM),…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Sunwoo Kim , Jooho Wang , Youngho Seo , Sanghun Lee , Yeji Park , Sungkyung Park , Chester Sungchung Park

The 3D point cloud perception has emerged as a fundamental role for a wide range of applications. In particular, with the rapid development of neural networks, the voxel-based networks attract great attention due to their excellent…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Xipeng Lin , Shanshi Huang , Hongwu Jiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly data-intensive due to growing model sizes, and they are becoming memory-bound as the context length and, consequently, the key-value (KV) cache size increase. Inference, particularly…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Khyati Kiyawat , Zhenxing Fan , Yasas Seneviratne , Morteza Baradaran , Akhil Shekar , Zihan Xia , Mingu Kang , Kevin Skadron