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Visualizing molecular transformations in real-time requires a structural retrieval method with {\AA}ngstr\"om spatial and femtosecond temporal atomic resolution. Imaging of hydrogen-containing molecules additionally requires an imaging…

Ultra-fast transmission electron microscopy (UTEM) combines sub-picosecond time-resolution with the versatility of TEM spectroscopies. It allows one to study the dynamics of materials properties combining complementary techniques. However,…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-08-25 S. Meuret , L. H. G. Tizei , F. Houdellier , S. Weber , Y. Auad , M. Tencé , H. -C. Chang , M. Kociak , A. Arbouet

We report the development of deep learning coherent electron diffractive imaging at sub-angstrom resolution using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) trained with only simulated data. We experimentally demonstrate this method by applying…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-04-19 Dillan J. Chang , Colum M. O'Leary , Cong Su , Salman Kahn , Alex Zettl , Jim Ciston , Peter Ercius , Jianwei Miao

As the availability of imagery data continues to swell, so do the demands on transmission, storage and processing power. Processing requirements to handle this plethora of data is quickly outpacing the utility of conventional processing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Artyom M. Grigoryan , Sos S. Agaian , Karen Panetta

Laser assisted photoemission by a chirped subfemtosecond extreme ultraviolet (XUV) pulse is considered within an exactly solvable quantum-mechanical model. Special emphasis is given to the energy dependence of photoexcitation cross-section.…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 E. E. Krasovskii , M. Bonitz

We present feasibility study of an accelerator-based ultrafast transmission electron microscope (u-TEM) capable of producing a full field image in a single-shot with simultaneous picosecond temporal resolution and nanometer spatial…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2014-06-11 D. Xiang , F. Fu , J. Zhang , X. Huang , L. Wang , X. Wang , W. Wan

We present Unified Latent Dynamics (ULD), a novel reinforcement learning algorithm that unifies the efficiency of model-free methods with the representational strengths of model-based approaches, without incurring planning overhead. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Jashaswimalya Acharjee , Balaraman Ravindran

Computer simulation has long been an essential partner of ultrafast experiments, allowing the assignment of microscopic mechanistic detail to low-dimensional spectroscopic data. However, the ability of theory to make a priori predictions of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-11-20 Jiří Suchan , Fangchun Liang , Andrew S. Durden , Benjamin G. Levine

Ultrafast electronic dynamics in solids lies at the core of modern condensed matter and materials physics. To build up a practical ab initio method for studying solids under photoexcitation, we develop a momentum-resolved real-time time…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-10-17 Chao Lian , Shi-Qi Hu , Meng-Xue Guan , Sheng Meng

The FR3 band has emerged as the major focus of 6G wireless research. FR3 cellular operation presents the challenge of extreme bandwidth combined with physically large antenna arrays. In this regime, conventional phase-shift beamforming…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-24 Tyler Ikehara , Ibrahim Pehlivan , Danijela Cabric , Thomas L. Marzetta

We formulate a complete theory of Edge Radiation based on a novel method relying on Fourier Optics techniques. Similar types of radiation like Transition Undulator Radiation are addressed in the framework of the same formalism. Special…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2008-08-14 Gianluca Geloni , Vitali Kocharyan , Evgeni Saldin , Evgeni Schneidmiller , Mikhail Yurkov

Quantum electrodynamics predicts x-ray diffractions under a high-intensity laser field via virtual charged particles, and this phenomenon is called as vacuum diffraction (VD). In this paper, we derive a new formula to describe VD in a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-07-29 Y. Seino , T. Inada , T. Yamazaki , T. Namba , S. Asai

We report fast atom diffraction through single-layer graphene using hydrogen atoms at kinetic energies from 150 to 1200 eV. High-resolution images reveal overlapping hexagonal patterns from coexisting monocrystalline domains. Time-of-flight…

A key challenge in ultrafast science has been to directly track the coupled motions of electrons and nuclei in real-space and real-time. This study presents a significant step towards this goal by demonstrating the feasibility of…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-06-27 Tianyu Wang , Hui Jiang , Ming Zhang , Xiao Zou , Pengfei Zhu , Feng He , Zheng Li , Dao Xiang

Ongoing developments in ultrafast X-ray sources offer powerful new means of probing the com- plex non-adiabatically coupled structural and electronic dynamics of photoexcited molecules. These non-Born-Oppenheimer effects are governed by…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 Simon P. Neville , Majed Chergui , Albert Stolow , Michael S. Schuurman

X-ray imaging is a rapid and cost-effective tool for visualizing internal human anatomy. While multi-view X-ray imaging provides complementary information that enhances diagnosis, intervention, and education, acquiring images from multiple…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Chun Xie , Yuichi Yoshii , Itaru Kitahara

We introduce ultrafast low-energy electron diffraction (ULEED) in backscattering for the study of structural dynamics at surfaces. Using a tip-based source of ultrashort electron pulses, we investigate the optically-driven transition…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-26 S. Vogelgesang , G. Storeck , S. Schramm , K. Rossnagel , S. Schäfer , C. Ropers

Four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) of local atomic diffraction patterns is emerging as a powerful technique for probing intricate details of atomic structure and atomic electric fields. However, efficient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-15 Xin Li , Ondrej E. Dyck , Mark P. Oxley , Andrew R. Lupini , Leland McInnes , John Healy , Stephen Jesse , Sergei V. Kalinin

A simple model for calculating the diffraction radiation characteristics from an ultrarelativistic charged particle moving close to a tilted ideally conducting strip is developed. Resonant diffraction radiation (RDR) is treated as a…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. P. Potylitsyn , P. V. Karataev , G. A. Naumenko

In the last decades, the blossoming of experimental breakthroughs in the domain of electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) has triggered a variety of theoretical developments. Those have to deal with completely different situations, from…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-02-10 Hugo Lourenço-Martins , Axel Lubk , Mathieu Kociak