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Diffusion models excel at generating high-quality, diverse samples, yet they risk memorizing training data when overfit to the training objective. We analyze the distinctions between memorization and generalization in diffusion models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Zekai Zhang , Xiao Li , Xiang Li , Lianghe Shi , Meng Wu , Molei Tao , Qing Qu

Recent years have seen remarkable progress in both multimodal understanding models and image generation models. Despite their respective successes, these two domains have evolved independently, leading to distinct architectural paradigms:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shanshan Zhao , Xinjie Zhang , Jintao Guo , Jiakui Hu , Lunhao Duan , Minghao Fu , Yong Xien Chng , Guo-Hua Wang , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang

Using statistical physics methods, we study generative diffusion models in the regime where the dimension of space and the number of data are large, and the score function has been trained optimally. Our analysis reveals three distinct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Giulio Biroli , Tony Bonnaire , Valentin de Bortoli , Marc Mézard

Taking advantage of the many recent advances in deep learning, text-to-image generative models currently have the merit of attracting the general public attention. Two of these models, DALL-E 2 and Imagen, have demonstrated that highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Robin Zbinden

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models exhibit impressive photorealistic image generation capabilities, yet they struggle in compositional image generation. In this work, we introduce RoleBench, a benchmark focused on evaluating compositional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Sina Malakouti , Adriana Kovashka

Diffusion models exhibited tremendous progress in image and video generation, exceeding GANs in quality and diversity. However, they are usually trained on very large datasets and are not naturally adapted to manipulate a given input image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Yaniv Nikankin , Niv Haim , Michal Irani

Diffusion models, though originally designed for generative tasks, have demonstrated impressive self-supervised representation learning capabilities. A particularly intriguing phenomenon in these models is the emergence of unimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Xiao Li , Zekai Zhang , Xiang Li , Siyi Chen , Zhihui Zhu , Peng Wang , Qing Qu

Diffusion probabilistic models have been successfully used to generate data from noise. However, most diffusion models are computationally expensive and difficult to interpret with a lack of theoretical justification. Random feature models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-11 Esha Saha , Giang Tran

Building on the momentum of image generation diffusion models, there is an increasing interest in video-based diffusion models. However, video generation poses greater challenges due to its higher-dimensional nature, the scarcity of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Aimon Rahman , Malsha V. Perera , Vishal M. Patel

Visual anagrams are images that change appearance upon transformation, like flipping or rotation. With the advent of diffusion models, generating such optical illusions can be achieved by averaging noise across multiple views during the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Zhiyuan Xu , Yinhe Chen , Huan-ang Gao , Weiyan Zhao , Guiyu Zhang , Hao Zhao

Neural networks struggle with image classification when biases are learned and misleads correlations, affecting their generalization and performance. Previous methods require attribute labels (e.g. background, color) or utilizes Generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Donggeun Ko , Dongjun Lee , Namjun Park , Wonkyeong Shim , Jaekwang Kim

Unified multimodal models hold the promise of generating extensive, interleaved narratives, weaving text and imagery into coherent long-form stories. However, current systems suffer from a critical reliability gap: as sequences grow,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Haoyu Chen , Qing Liu , Yuqian Zhou , He Zhang , Zhaowen Wang , Mengwei Ren , Jingjing Ren , Xiang Wang , Zhe Lin , Lei Zhu

Multi-view consistency remains a challenge for image diffusion models. Even within the Text-to-Texture problem, where perfect geometric correspondences are known a priori, many methods fail to yield aligned predictions across views,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Shimon Vainer , Konstantin Kutsy , Dante De Nigris , Ciara Rowles , Slava Elizarov , Simon Donné

Most existing cross-modal generative methods based on diffusion models use guidance to provide control over the latent space to enable conditional generation across different modalities. Such methods focus on providing guidance through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Zizhao Hu , Mohammad Rostami

Diffusion models now generate high-quality, diverse samples, with an increasing focus on more powerful models. Although ensembling is a well-known way to improve supervised models, its application to unconditional score-based diffusion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Raphaël Razafindralambo , Rémy Sun , Frédéric Precioso , Damien Garreau , Pierre-Alexandre Mattei

Recent progress in image generation has sparked research into controlling these models through condition signals, with various methods addressing specific challenges in conditional generation. Instead of proposing another specialized…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Xirui Li , Charles Herrmann , Kelvin C. K. Chan , Yinxiao Li , Deqing Sun , Chao Ma , Ming-Hsuan Yang

Compositional generalization, the ability to generate novel combinations of known concepts, is a key ingredient for visual generative models. Yet, not all mechanisms that enable or inhibit it are fully understood. In this work, we conduct a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Karim Farid , Rajat Sahay , Yumna Ali Alnaggar , Simon Schrodi , Volker Fischer , Cordelia Schmid , Thomas Brox

The recent popularity of text-to-image diffusion models (DM) can largely be attributed to the intuitive interface they provide to users. The intended generation can be expressed in natural language, with the model producing faithful…

Large diffusion-based Text-to-Image (T2I) models have shown impressive generative powers for text-to-image generation as well as spatially conditioned image generation. For most applications, we can train the model end-toend with paired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Nithin Gopalakrishnan Nair , Jeya Maria Jose Valanarasu , Vishal M Patel

Modern foundation models exhibit remarkable out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization, solving tasks far beyond the support of their training data. However, the theoretical principles underpinning this phenomenon remain elusive. This paper…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-29 Jiawei Ge , Amanda Wang , Shange Tang , Chi Jin