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Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) is the de-facto choice for main memory devices due to its cost-effectiveness. It offers a larger capacity and higher bandwidth compared to SRAM but is slower than the latter. With each passing generation,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Kaustav Goswami , Hemanta Kumar Mondal , Shirshendu Das , Dip Sankar Banerjee

Groundbreaking successes have been achieved by Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) in solving practical decision-making problems. Robotics, in particular, can involve high-cost hardware and human interactions. Hence, scrupulous evaluations of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Davide Corsi , Enrico Marchesini , Alessandro Farinelli

Artificial intelligence systems have achieved remarkable capability in natural language processing, perception and decision-making tasks. However, their behaviour often remains opaque and difficult to verify, limiting their applicability in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Arshad Beg , Diarmuid O'Donoghue , Rosemary Monahan

AI Safety is a major concern in many deep learning applications such as autonomous driving. Given a trained deep learning model, an important natural problem is how to reliably verify the model's prediction. In this paper, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Tong Che , Xiaofeng Liu , Site Li , Yubin Ge , Ruixiang Zhang , Caiming Xiong , Yoshua Bengio

We describe verification techniques for embedded memory systems using efficient memory modeling (EMM), without explicitly modeling each memory bit. We extend our previously proposed approach of EMM in Bounded Model Checking (BMC) for a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Malay K. Ganai , Aarti Gupta , Pranav Ashar

The JEDEC committee defines various domain-specific DRAM standards. These standards feature increasingly complex and evolving protocol specifications, which are detailed in timing diagrams and command tables. Understanding these protocols…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Derek Christ , Thomas Zimmermann , Philippe Barbie , Dmitri Saberi , Yao Yin , Matthias Jung

Visualization is central to scientific discovery, yet authoring tools remain split between information and scientific visualization, and expertise in one rarely transfers to the other. Large Language Model (LLM) based systems promise to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Alexandra Irger , Ella Hugie , Minghao Guo , Simon Warchol , Kenneth Moreland , David Pugmire , Wojciech Matusik , Hanspeter Pfister

The paper deals with the task of optimal design of Analog to Digital Converters (ADCs). A general ADC is modeled as a causal discrete-time dynamical system with outputs taking values in a finite set, and its performance is defined as the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Mitra Osqui , Alexandre Megretski , Mardavij Roozbehani

As IC design grows more complex, automating comprehension and documentation of RTL code has become increasingly important. Engineers currently should manually interpret existing RTL code and write specifications, a slow and error-prone…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hung-Ming Huang , Yu-Hsin Yang , Fu-Chieh Chang , Yun-Chia Hsu , Yin-Yu Lin , Ming-Fang Tsai , Chun-Chih Yang , Pei-Yuan Wu

Software design patterns are standard solutions to common problems in software design and architecture. Knowing that a particular module implements a design pattern is a shortcut to design comprehension. Manually detecting design patterns…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Najam Nazar , Aldeida Aleti , Yaokun Zheng

Recent verification tools aim to make formal verification more accessible to software engineers by automating most of the verification process. However, annotating conventional programs with the formal specification and verification…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 João Pascoal Faria , Emanuel Trigo , Vinicius Honorato , Rui Abreu

Formal specifications play a central role in ensuring software reliability and correctness. However, automatically synthesizing high-quality formal specifications remains a challenging task, often requiring domain expertise. Recent work has…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Md Rakib Hossain Misu , Iris Ma , Cristina V. Lopes

We propose DAB -- a data-aware extension of BPMN where the process operates over case and persistent data (partitioned into a read-only database called catalog and a read-write database called repository). The model trades off between…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Diego Calvanese , Silvio Ghilardi , Alessandro Gianola , Marco Montali , Andrey Rivkin

Non-volatile memory (NVM) provides a scalable and power-efficient solution to replace DRAM as main memory. However, because of relatively high latency and low bandwidth of NVM, NVM is often paired with DRAM to build a heterogeneous memory…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-05-03 Kai Wu , Yingchao Huang , Dong Li

Recent advances in digital microfluidic (DMF) technologies offer a promising platform for a wide variety of biochemical applications, such as DNA analysis, automated drug discovery, and toxicity monitoring. For on-chip implementation of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Sukanta Bhattacharjee , Ansuman Banerjee , Krishnendu Chakrabarty , Bhargab B. Bhattacharya

This paper presents a novel approach to the design verification of Software Product Lines(SPL). The proposed approach assumes that the requirements and designs are modeled as finite state machines with variability information. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-12-19 Jean-Vivien Millo , S. Ramesh , Shankara Narayanan Krishna , Ganesh Khandu Narwane

Non-volatile memory (NVM), aka persistent memory, is a new paradigm for memory that preserves its contents even after power loss. The expected ubiquity of NVM has stimulated interest in the design of novel concepts ensuring correctness of…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Eleni Bila , Simon Doherty , Brijesh Dongol , John Derrick , Gerhard Schellhorn , Heike Wehrheim

Watermarking (WM) is a critical mechanism for detecting and attributing AI-generated content. Current WM methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) are predominantly tailored for autoregressive (AR) models: They rely on tokens being generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Ofek Raban , Ethan Fetaya , Gal Chechik

Large language models (LLMs) can translate natural language instructions into executable action plans for robotics, autonomous driving, and other domains. Yet, deploying LLM-driven planning in the physical world demands strict adherence to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yunhao Yang , Junyuan Hong , Gabriel Jacob Perin , Zhiwen Fan , Li Yin , Zhangyang Wang , Ufuk Topcu

Deep learning models excel at detecting anomaly patterns in normal data. However, they do not provide a direct solution for anomaly classification and scalability across diverse control systems, frequently failing to distinguish genuine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiyong Kwon , Ujin Jeon , Sooji Lee , Guang Lin