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Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is the standard paradigm for domain adaptation, yet it frequently incurs the cost of catastrophic forgetting. In sharp contrast, on-policy Reinforcement Learning (RL) effectively preserves general capabilities.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Muxi Diao , Lele Yang , Wuxuan Gong , Yutong Zhang , Zhonghao Yan , Yufei Han , Kongming Liang , Weiran Xu , Zhanyu Ma

Diffusion models achieve remarkable success in processing images and text, and have been extended to special domains such as time series forecasting (TSF). Existing diffusion-based approaches for TSF primarily focus on modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Chen Su , Yuanhe Tian , Yan Song

Time Series Forecasting (TSF) is used to predict the target variables at a future time point based on the learning from previous time points. To keep the problem tractable, learning methods use data from a fixed length window in the past as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Jimeng Shi , Mahek Jain , Giri Narasimhan

Monocular depth estimation under adverse weather conditions (e.g.\ rain, fog, snow, and nighttime) remains highly challenging due to the lack of reliable ground truth and the difficulty of learning from unlabeled real-world data. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Weilong Yan , Xin Zhang , Robby T. Tan

Pre-trained models exhibit strong generalization to various downstream tasks. However, given the numerous models available in the model hub, identifying the most suitable one by individually fine-tuning is time-consuming. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Tengxue Zhang , Biao Ouyang , Yang Shu , Xinyang Chen , Chenjuan Guo , Bin Yang

Time-series reasoning remains a significant challenge in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) due to the dynamic temporal patterns, ambiguous semantics, and lack of temporal priors. In this work, we introduce TimeMaster, a reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Junru Zhang , Lang Feng , Xu Guo , Yuhan Wu , Yabo Dong , Duanqing Xu

Large language models (LLMs) have been introduced to time series forecasting (TSF) to incorporate contextual knowledge beyond numerical signals. However, existing studies question whether LLMs provide genuine benefits, often reporting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Xin Qiu , Junlong Tong , Yirong Sun , Yunpu Ma , Wei Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) improves in-domain performance but can degrade out-of-domain (OOD) generalization. Prior work suggests that this degradation is related to changes in dominant singular subspaces of pretrained weight matrices.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Hangzhan Jin , Tianwei Ni , Lu Li , Pierre-Luc Bacon , Mohammad Hamdaqa , Doina Precup

Time series forecasting (TSF) is an essential branch of machine learning with various applications. Most methods for TSF focus on constructing different networks to extract better information and improve performance. However, practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Yanru Sun , Zongxia Xie , Haoyu Xing , Hualong Yu , Qinghua Hu

Reinforcement fine-tuning (RFT) has become a core paradigm for post-training large language models, yet its training process remains highly fragile. Existing efforts mainly improve reliability at the system level or address specific issues…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Lingzhe Zhang , Tong Jia , Yunpeng Zhai , Liancheng Fang , Kening Zheng , Hongyi Liu , Xiaosong Huang , Philip S. Yu , Ying Li

Recent efforts have been dedicated to enhancing time series forecasting accuracy by introducing advanced network architectures and self-supervised pretraining strategies. Nevertheless, existing approaches still exhibit two critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Zhiding Liu , Jiqian Yang , Mingyue Cheng , Yucong Luo , Zhi Li

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has become a common method for fine-tuning large language models, where a base model can serve multiple users through PEFT module switching. To enhance user experience, base models require periodic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Naibin Gu , Peng Fu , Xiyu Liu , Ke Ma , Zheng Lin , Weiping Wang

One way to enhance the reasoning capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is to conduct Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) using Chain-of-Thought (CoT) annotations. This approach does not show sufficiently strong generalization ability,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Trung Quoc Luong , Xinbo Zhang , Zhanming Jie , Peng Sun , Xiaoran Jin , Hang Li

The performance of time series forecasting has recently been greatly improved by the introduction of transformers. In this paper, we propose a general multi-scale framework that can be applied to the state-of-the-art transformer-based time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Amin Shabani , Amir Abdi , Lili Meng , Tristan Sylvain

Mainstream issue-resolving frameworks predominantly rely on commercial models, leading to high costs and privacy concerns. Existing training approaches for issue resolving struggle with poor generalization and fail to fully leverage…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Zexiong Ma , Chao Peng , Pengfei Gao , Xiangxin Meng , Yanzhen Zou , Bing Xie

Time series forecasting is an important and forefront task in many real-world applications. However, most of time series forecasting techniques assume that the training data is clean without anomalies. This assumption is unrealistic since…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Hao Cheng , Qingsong Wen , Yang Liu , Liang Sun

Time-series forecasting has seen significant advancements with the introduction of token prediction mechanisms such as multi-head attention. However, these methods often struggle to achieve the same performance as in language modeling,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Panayiotis Christou , Shichu Chen , Xupeng Chen , Parijat Dube

Data augmentation is a crucial technique for improving model generalization and robustness, particularly in deep learning models where training data is limited. Although many augmentation methods have been developed for time series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jafar Bakhshaliyev , Johannes Burchert , Niels Landwehr , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Time series forecasting is critical for decision-making across dynamic domains such as energy, finance, transportation, and cloud computing. However, real-world time series often exhibit non-stationarity, including temporal distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Junkai Lu , Peng Chen , Chenjuan Guo , Yang Shu , Meng Wang , Bin Yang

In recent work on time-series prediction, Transformers and even large language models have garnered significant attention due to their strong capabilities in sequence modeling. However, in practical deployments, time-series prediction often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Wenxuan Xie , Fanpu Cao