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Clustering is a popular form of unsupervised learning for geometric data. Unfortunately, many clustering algorithms lead to cluster assignments that are hard to explain, partially because they depend on all the features of the data in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Sanjoy Dasgupta , Nave Frost , Michal Moshkovitz , Cyrus Rashtchian

Cross-modal retrieval maps data under different modality via semantic relevance. Existing approaches implicitly assume that data pairs are well-aligned and ignore the widely existing annotation noise, i.e., noisy correspondence (NC).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shuai Lyu , Zijing Tian , Zhonghong Ou , Yifan Zhu , Xiao Zhang , Qiankun Ha , Haoran Luo , Meina Song

COVID-19 hits the world like a storm by arising pandemic situations for most of the countries around the world. The whole world is trying to overcome this pandemic situation. A better health care quality may help a country to tackle the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Md. Zubair , MD. Asif Iqbal , Avijeet Shil , Enamul Haque , Mohammed Moshiul Hoque , Iqbal H. Sarker

Interactive visualization of embedding projections is a useful technique for understanding data and evaluating machine learning models. Labeling data within these visualizations is critical for interpretation, as labels provide an overview…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Donghao Ren , Fred Hohman , Dominik Moritz

Long-context Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demand substantial computational resources for inference as the growth of their multimodal Key-Value (KV) cache, in response to increasing input lengths, challenges memory and time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Zhongwei Wan , Ziang Wu , Che Liu , Jinfa Huang , Zhihong Zhu , Peng Jin , Longyue Wang , Li Yuan

Inference on large language models (LLMs) can be expensive in terms of the compute and memory costs involved, especially when long sequence lengths are used. In particular, the self-attention mechanism used in LLM inference contributes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Prajwal Singhania , Siddharth Singh , Shwai He , Soheil Feizi , Abhinav Bhatele

Factorial k-means (FKM) clustering is a method for clustering objects in a low-dimensional subspace. The advantage of this method is that the partition of objects and the low-dimensional subspace reflecting the cluster structure are…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-02-14 Yoshikazu Terada

Although Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive multimodal reasoning capabilities, their scalability and deployment are constrained by massive computational requirements. In particular, the massive amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Surendra Pathak , Bo Han

To cluster data that are not linearly separable in the original feature space, $k$-means clustering was extended to the kernel version. However, the performance of kernel $k$-means clustering largely depends on the choice of kernel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Yaqiang Yao , Huanhuan Chen

To effectively reduce the visual tokens in Visual Large Language Models (VLLMs), we propose a novel approach called Window Token Concatenation (WiCo). Specifically, we employ a sliding window to concatenate spatially adjacent visual tokens.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yifan Li , Wentao Bao , Botao Ye , Zhen Tan , Tianlong Chen , Huan Liu , Yu Kong

Recently, the retrieval models based on dense representations have been gradually applied in the first stage of the document retrieval tasks, showing better performance than traditional sparse vector space models. To obtain high efficiency,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Hongyin Tang , Xingwu Sun , Beihong Jin , Jingang Wang , Fuzheng Zhang , Wei Wu

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) is a new self-supervised vision pre-training paradigm using a Vision Transformer (ViT). Previous works can be pixel-based or token-based, using original pixels or discrete visual tokens from parametric tokenizer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Xin Yan , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang

Retrieval over visually rich documents is essential for tasks such as legal discovery, scientific search, and enterprise knowledge management. Existing approaches fall into two paradigms: single-vector retrieval, which is efficient but…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Juyeon Kim , Geon Lee , Dongwon Choi , Taeuk Kim , Kijung Shin

Kernel methods are extensively employed for nonlinear data clustering, yet their effectiveness heavily relies on selecting suitable kernels and associated parameters, posing challenges in advance determination. In response, Multiple Kernel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yan Chen , Liang Du , Lei Duan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized a wide range of domains such as natural language processing, computer vision, and multi-modal tasks due to their ability to comprehend context and perform logical reasoning. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Haoyang Li , Yiming Li , Anxin Tian , Tianhao Tang , Zhanchao Xu , Xuejia Chen , Nicole Hu , Wei Dong , Qing Li , Lei Chen

Clustering categorical data is an integral part of data mining and has attracted much attention recently. In this paper, we present k-histogram, a new efficient algorithm for clustering categorical data. The k-histogram algorithm extends…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Zengyou He , Xiaofei Xu , Shengchun Deng , Bin Dong

Ranking a set of items based on their relevance to a given query is a core problem in search and recommendation. Transformer-based ranking models are the state-of-the-art approaches for such tasks, but they score each query-item…

There has been much interest recently in developing fair clustering algorithms that seek to do justice to the representation of groups defined along sensitive attributes such as race and gender. We observe that clustering algorithms could…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Stanley Simoes , Deepak P , Muiris MacCarthaigh

Kernel-based clustering algorithm can identify and capture the non-linear structure in datasets, and thereby it can achieve better performance than linear clustering. However, computing and storing the entire kernel matrix occupy so large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Li Chen , Shuisheng Zhou , Jiajun Ma

This paper proposes the ViT Token Constraint and Multi-scale Memory bank (TCMM) method to address the patch noises and feature inconsistency in unsupervised person re-identification works. Many excellent methods use ViT features to obtain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Zheng-An Zhu , Hsin-Che Chien , Chen-Kuo Chiang