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Semantic communication (SemCom) is an emerging technology that extracts useful meaning from data and sends only relevant semantic information. Thus, it has the great potential to improve the spectrum efficiency of conventional wireless…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-14 Zeyang Hu , Tianyu Liu , Changsheng You , Zhaohui Yang , Mingzhe Chen

Transformative innovations in model architectures have introduced hierarchical embedding augmentation as a means to redefine the representation of tokens through multi-level semantic structures, offering enhanced adaptability to complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Derek Yotheringhay , Alistair Kirkland , Humphrey Kirkbride , Josiah Whitesteeple

Tokenization is a fundamental step in natural language processing, breaking text into units that computational models can process. While learned subword tokenizers have become the de-facto standard, they present challenges such as large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Pit Neitemeier , Björn Deiseroth , Constantin Eichenberg , Lukas Balles

Visual tokenizers play a central role in latent image generation by bridging high-dimensional images and tractable generative modeling. However, most existing tokenizers are still trained with reconstruction-dominated objectives, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Qingfeng Li , Haoxian Zhang , Xu He , Songlin Tang , Zhixue Fang , Xiaoqiang Liu , Pengfei Wan Guoqi Li

Task-Oriented Semantic Communication (TOSC) has been regarded as a promising communication framework, serving for various Artificial Intelligence (AI) task driven applications. The existing TOSC frameworks focus on extracting the full…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-17 Yuzhou Fu , Wenchi Cheng , Jingqing Wang , Liuguo Yin , Wei Zhang

Standard subword tokenization methods fragment numbers inconsistently, causing large language models (LLMs) to lose positional and decimal structure - a primary driver of errors in arithmetic and scientific reasoning. We introduce Triadic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Olga Chetverina

The surge in connected devices in 6G with typical complex tasks requiring multi-user cooperation, such as smart agriculture and smart cities, poses significant challenges to unsustainable traditional communication. Fortunately, the booming…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Wanting Yang , Zehui Xiong , Shiwen Mao , Tony Q. S. Quek , Ping Zhang , Merouane Debbah , Rahim Tafazolli

Existing KV cache compression methods generally operate on discrete tokens or non-semantic chunks. However, such approaches often lead to semantic fragmentation, where linguistically coherent units are disrupted, causing irreversible…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Shunlong Wu , Hai Lin , Shaoshen Chen , Tingwei Lu , Yongqin Zeng , Shaoxiong Zhan , Hai-Tao Zheng , Hong-Gee Kim

Semantic communication (SemCom) is accelerating its momentum to catch up with the massive increase in users' demands in both quantity and quality, with the assistance of advanced deep learning (DL) techniques. Specifically, SemCom can…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Loc X. Nguyen , Phuong-Nam Tran , Trung Thanh Pham , Avi Deb Raha , Eui-Nam Huh , Zhu Han , Choong Seon Hong

The recent emergence of 6G raises the challenge of increasing the transmission data rate even further in order to overcome the Shannon limit. Traditional communication methods fall short of the 6G goals, paving the way for Semantic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-02 Sachin Kadam , Dong In Kim

Discrete representation has emerged as a powerful tool in task-oriented semantic communication (ToSC), offering compact, interpretable, and efficient representations well-suited for low-power edge intelligence scenarios. Its inherent…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Anbang Zhang , Shuaishuai Guo , Chenyuan Feng , Hongyang Du , Haojin Li , Chen Sun , Haijun Zhang

In previous deep-learning-based methods, semantic segmentation has been regarded as a static or dynamic per-pixel classification task, \textit{i.e.,} classify each pixel representation to a specific category. However, these methods only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Fangjian Lin , Zhanhao Liang , Sitong Wu , Junjun He , Kai Chen , Shengwei Tian

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks. However, the truthfulness of their outputs is not guaranteed, and their tendency toward overconfidence further limits reliability. Uncertainty…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Qi Cao , Andrew Gambardella , Takeshi Kojima , Yutaka Matsuo , Yusuke Iwasawa

Semantic communication (SemCom) has emerged as a promising technique for the next-generation communication systems, in which the generation at the receiver side is allowed with semantic features' recovery. However, the majority of existing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Chengyang Liang , Dong Li

Semantic communication conveys meaning rather than raw bits, but reliability at the semantic level remains an open challenge. We propose a semantic-level hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) framework for text communication, in which a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Bin Han , Yulin Hu , Hans D. Schotten

Semantic communication (SemCom) is an emerging paradigm that leverages semantic-level understanding to improve communication efficiency, particularly in resource-constrained scenarios. However, existing SemCom systems often overlook diverse…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Xinyi Lin , Peizheng Li , Adnan Aijaz

Semantic communication is a new paradigm that aims at providing more efficient communication for the next-generation wireless network. It focuses on transmitting extracted, meaningful information instead of the raw data. However, deep…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Yang Li , Xinyu Zhou , Jun Zhao

Topic taxonomies, which represent the latent topic (or category) structure of document collections, provide valuable knowledge of contents in many applications such as web search and information filtering. Recently, several unsupervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Dongha Lee , Jiaming Shen , SeongKu Kang , Susik Yoon , Jiawei Han , Hwanjo Yu

Semantic communication (SemCom), as a typical paradigm of deep integration between artificial intelligence (AI) and communication technology, significantly improves communication efficiency and resource utilization efficiency. However, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-08 Zhidi Zhang , Rui Meng , Song Gao , Haixiao Gao , Xiaodong Xu

Semantic communication has emerged as a transformative paradigm in next-generation communication systems, leveraging advanced artificial intelligence (AI) models to extract and transmit semantic representations for efficient information…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zhiyuan Xi , Kun Zhu , Yuanyuan Xu