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The multi-modal long-context document question-answering task aims to locate and integrate multi-modal evidences (such as texts, tables, charts, images, and layouts) distributed across multiple pages, for question understanding and answer…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ziyu Gong , Chengcheng Mai , Yihua Huang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is key to enhancing large language models (LLMs) to systematically access richer factual knowledge. Yet, using RAG brings intrinsic challenges, as LLMs must deal with potentially conflicting knowledge,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Leonardo Ranaldi , Federico Ranaldi , Fabio Massimo Zanzotto , Barry Haddow , Alexandra Birch

Traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods are limited by their reliance on a fixed number of retrieved documents, often resulting in incomplete or noisy information that undermines task performance. Although recent adaptive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Wenjia Zhai

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly employing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to improve the factuality of their responses. However, in practice, these systems often need to handle ambiguous user queries and potentially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Han Wang , Archiki Prasad , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive progress in natural language processing, but their limited ability to retain long-term context constrains performance on document-level or multi-turn tasks. Retrieval-Augmented…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Zhangyu Wang , Siyuan Gao , Rong Zhou , Hao Wang , Li Ning

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across a wide range of applications. However, they often suffer from hallucinations in knowledge-intensive domains due to their reliance on static pretraining corpora. To…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Lihui Liu , Jiayuan Ding , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Carl J. Yang

Medical large vision-language Models (Med-LVLMs) have shown promise in clinical applications but suffer from factual inaccuracies and unreliable outputs, posing risks in real-world diagnostics. While RAG has emerged as a potential solution,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Zhe Chen , Yusheng Liao , Zhiyuan Zhu , Haolin Li , Hongcheng Liu , Yanfeng Wang , Yu Wang

Multimodal retrieval-augmented Generation (MM-RAG) is a key approach for applying large language models (LLMs) and agents to real-world knowledge bases, yet current evaluations are fragmented -- focusing on either text or images in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Xiangyu Peng , Can Qin , Zeyuan Chen , Ran Xu , Caiming Xiong , Chien-Sheng Wu

Understanding information from a collection of multiple documents, particularly those with visually rich elements, is important for document-grounded question answering. This paper introduces VisDoMBench, the first comprehensive benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Manan Suri , Puneet Mathur , Franck Dernoncourt , Kanika Goswami , Ryan A. Rossi , Dinesh Manocha

Multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems retrieve evidence at coarse granularities (entire images or scenes), creating a mismatch with fine-grained user queries and making failures unverifiable. We introduce GranuVistaVQA, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Guanhua Chen , Chuyue Huang , Yutong Yao , Shudong Liu , Xueqing Song , Lidia S. Chao , Derek F. Wong

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often fail in fine-grained visual question answering, producing hallucinations about object identities, positions, and relations because textual queries are not explicitly anchored to visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Suyang Xi , Chenxi Yang , Hong Ding , Yiqing Ni , Catherine C. Liu , Yunhao Liu , Chengqi Zhang

Naive Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) focuses on individual documents during retrieval and, as a result, falls short in handling networked documents which are very popular in many applications such as citation graphs, social media, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yuntong Hu , Zhihan Lei , Zheng Zhang , Bo Pan , Chen Ling , Liang Zhao

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have achieved remarkable progress in generating photorealistic and prompt-aligned images, but they often produce outputs that contradict verifiable knowledge, especially when prompts involve fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yang Tian , Fan Liu , Jingyuan Zhang , Wei Bi , Yupeng Hu , Liqiang Nie

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves Large Language Models (LLMs) by using external knowledge, but it struggles with precise entity information retrieval. In this paper, we proposed MES-RAG framework, which enhances entity-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Pingyu Wu , Daiheng Gao , Jing Tang , Huimin Chen , Wenbo Zhou , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is widely used to mitigate hallucinations of Large Language Models (LLMs) by leveraging external knowledge. While effective for simple queries, traditional RAG systems struggle with large-scale,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Luyao Zhuang , Shengyuan Chen , Yilin Xiao , Huachi Zhou , Yujing Zhang , Hao Chen , Qinggang Zhang , Xiao Huang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as an effective paradigm for expanding the knowledge capacity of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) by incorporating external knowledge sources into the generation process, and has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Xu Yuan , Liangbo Ning , Qingqing Ye , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a paradigm for grounding large language models in external knowledge, yet most existing RAG systems assume centralized knowledge access and ample computation. These assumptions break down…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Tianhao Gao , Kai Yang , Yiyang Li

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as an approach to augment large language models (LLMs) by reducing their reliance on static knowledge and improving answer factuality. RAG retrieves relevant context snippets and generates an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Juraj Vladika , Florian Matthes

The rapid evolution of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) toward multimodal, high-stakes enterprise applications has outpaced the development of domain specific evaluation benchmarks. Existing datasets often rely on general-domain corpora…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Chandan Kumar Sahu , Premith Kumar Chilukuri , Matthew Hetrich

Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) has demonstrated potential in enhancing medical question-answering systems through the integration of large language models (LLMs) with external medical literature. LLMs can retrieve relevant medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Mengzhou Sun , Sendong Zhao , Jianyu Chen , Haochun Wang , Bin Qin