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Related papers: Diagnosing Capability Gaps in Fine-Tuning Data

200 papers

Motivation. Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable proficiency in diverse software engineering (SE) tasks. Handling such tasks typically involves acquiring foundational coding knowledge on large, general-purpose datasets…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-08-02 José Antonio Hernández López , Boqi Chen , Mootez Saaz , Tushar Sharma , Dániel Varró

Modern large language models (LLMs) are increasingly fine-tuned via reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) or related reward optimisation schemes. While such procedures improve perceived helpfulness, we investigate whether…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Subramanyam Sahoo

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored for NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems, but most existing methods emphasize feasible-instance solution generation and do not explicitly address infeasibility detection. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yakun Wang , Min Chen , Zeguan Wu , Junyu Liu , Sitao Zhang , Zhenwen Shao

Hallucinations are a persistent problem with Large Language Models (LLMs). As these models become increasingly used in high-stakes domains, such as healthcare and finance, the need for effective hallucination detection is crucial. To this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Dylan Bouchard , Mohit Singh Chauhan

Web agents powered by large language models (LLMs) can autonomously perform complex, multistep tasks in dynamic web environments. However, current evaluations mostly focus on the overall success while overlooking intermediate errors. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Daniel Röder , Akhil Juneja , Roland Roller , Sven Schmeier

We present GoLongRL, a fully open-source, capability-oriented post-training recipe for long-context reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR). Existing long-context RL methods often treat data construction as a matter of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Minxuan Lv , Tiehua Mei , Tanlong Du , Junmin Chen , Zhenpeng Su , Ziyang Chen , Ziqi Wang , Zhennan Wu , Ruotong Pan , jian Liang , Ruiming Tang , Han Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) fine-tuned for specific domains exhibit strong performance; however, the underlying mechanisms by which this fine-tuning reshapes their parametric space are not well understood. Prior works primarily focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Eshaan Tanwar , Deepak Nathani , William Yang Wang , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Peer review serves as the gatekeeper of science, yet the surge in submissions and widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) in scholarly evaluation present unprecedented challenges. While recent work has focused on using LLMs to…

Although unified MLLMs aim to unify generation and understanding, they are considered to exhibit an internal gap, with understanding outperforming generation. Through large-scale evaluation across multiple MLLMs and tasks, we confirm the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yujin Han , Hao Chen , Andi Han , Zhiheng Wang , Xinyu Liu , Yingya Zhang , Shiwei Zhang , Difan Zou

Self-improvement is a mechanism in Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training, post-training and test-time inference. We explore a framework where the model verifies its own outputs, filters or reweights data based on this verification, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Yuda Song , Hanlin Zhang , Carson Eisenach , Sham Kakade , Dean Foster , Udaya Ghai

Language Models are the underpin of all modern Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. The introduction of the Transformers architecture has contributed significantly into making Language Modeling very effective across many NLP task,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Nikolaos Stylianou , Ioannis Vlahavas

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in text generation and understanding, yet their reliance on implicit, unstructured knowledge often leads to factual inaccuracies and limited interpretability. Knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Qinggang Zhang

Training large language models (LLMs) efficiently requires a deep understanding of how modern GPU systems behave under real-world distributed training workloads. While prior work has focused primarily on kernel-level performance or…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Marco Kurzynski , Shaizeen Aga , Di Wu

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, recent studies suggest that they still face challenges in performing fundamental NLP tasks essential for deep…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Ziyan Zhang , Yang Hou , Chen Gong , Zhenghua Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been achieving competent performance on a wide range of downstream tasks, yet existing work shows that inference on structured data is challenging for LLMs. This is because LLMs need to either understand…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Younghun Lee , Sungchul Kim , Ryan A. Rossi , Tong Yu , Xiang Chen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored in higher education, yet their effectiveness as teaching agents remains underexamined. In this paper, we present the development of GuideLM, a fine-tuned LLM designed for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Emily Ross , Yuval Kansal , Jake Renzella , Alexandra Vassar , Andrew Taylor

Training data imbalance poses a major challenge for code LLMs. Most available data heavily over represents raw opensource code while underrepresenting broader software engineering tasks, especially in low resource languages like Golang. As…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Yashshi Pipalani , Hritik Raj , Rajat Ghosh , Vaishnavi Bhargava , Debojyoti Dutta

Qualitative analysis of textual contents unpacks rich and valuable information by assigning labels to the data. However, this process is often labor-intensive, particularly when working with large datasets. While recent AI-based tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Ziang Xiao , Xingdi Yuan , Q. Vera Liao , Rania Abdelghani , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across a wide range of natural language processing tasks, yet they often produce hallucinated content that undermines factual reliability. To address this challenge, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yaxin Zhao , Yu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) excel in general tasks but struggle with domain-specific ones, requiring fine-tuning with specific data. With many open-source LLMs available, selecting the best model for fine-tuning downstream tasks is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Wei Huang , Huang Wei , Yinggui Wang