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Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) can resist all attacks on the detection devices, but there are still some security issues related to the source side. One possible solution is to use the passive protocol to…

Global quantum secure communication can be achieved using quantum key distribution (QKD) with orbiting satellites. Established techniques use attenuated lasers as weak coherent pulse (WCP) sources, with so-called decoy-state protocols, to…

Loss of inputs can be detrimental to the security of quantum position verification (QPV) protocols, as it may allow attackers to not answer on all played rounds, but only on those they perform well on. In this work, we study…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-11 Rene Allerstorfer , Harry Buhrman , Florian Speelman , Philip Verduyn Lunel

Quantum Conference Key Agreement (CKA) provides a secure method for multi-party communication. A recently developed interference-based prepare-and-measure quantum CKA possesses the advantages of measurement-device-independence, namely,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Jinjie Li , Wenyuan Wang , H. F. Chau

The scalability of current quantum networks is limited due to noisy quantum components and high implementation costs, thereby limiting the security advantages that quantum networks provide over their classical counterparts. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Nitin Jha , Abhishek Parakh , Mahadevan Subramaniam

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a promising technology aiming at solving the security problem arising from the advent of quantum computers. While the main theoretical aspects are well developed today, limited performances, in terms of…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) which enables the secure distribution of symmetric keys between two legitimate parties is of great importance in future network security. Access network that connects multiple end-users with one network…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-06 Yundi Huang , Tao Shen , Xiangyu Wang , Ziyang Chen , Bingjie Xu , Song Yu , Hong Guo

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has been developed within the last decade that is provably secure against arbitrary computing power, and even against quantum computer attacks. Now there is a strong need of research to exploit this technology…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2009-01-30 Muhammad Mubashir Khan , Salahuddin Hyder , Mahmood K Pathan , Kashif H Sheikh

Quantum key distribution (QKD), the distribution of quantum secured keys useful for data encryption, is expected to have a crucial impact in the next decades. However, although the notable achievements accomplished in the last twenty years,…

The binary (one-bit-per-photon) encoding that most existing quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols employ puts a fundamental limit on their achievable key rates, especially under high channel loss conditions associated with long-distance…

We propose and demonstrate a fully passive discrete-state continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD), which can eliminate all modulator side channels on the source side, using a local local oscillator (LLO). The CV-QKD system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-04 Yu Zhang , Xuyang Wang , Chenyang Li , Jie Yun , Qiang Zeng , Zhiliang Yuan , Zhenguo Lu , Yongmin Li

Most experimental realizations of quantum key distribution are based on the Bennett-Brassard 1984 (so-called BB84) protocol. In a typical optical implementation of this scheme, the sender uses an active source to produce the required BB84…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-17 Marcos Curty , Xiongfeng Ma , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Norbert Lütkenhaus

Signal state preparation in quantum key distribution schemes can be realized using either an active or a passive source. Passive sources might be valuable in some scenarios; for instance, in those experimental setups operating at high…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-22 Marcos Curty , Marc Jofre , Valerio Pruneri , Morgan W. Mitchell

Simultaneous quantum-classical communications (SQCC) protocols are a family of continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocols which allow for quantum and classical symbols to be integrated concurrently on the same optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Nicholas Zaunders , Ziqing Wang , Robert Malaney , Ryan Aguinaldo , Timothy C. Ralph

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has the potential to improve communications security by offering cryptographic keys whose security relies on the fundamental properties of quantum physics. The use of a trusted quantum receiver on an orbiting…

Artificial intelligence-driven (AI-driven) data centres, which require high-performance, scalable, energy-efficient, and secure infrastructure, have led to unprecedented data traffic demands. These demands involve low latency, high…

Passive decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) systems, proven to be more desirable than active ones in some scenarios, also have the problem of device imperfections like intensity fluctuations. In this paper the formular of key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Yuan Li , Wan-su Bao , Hong-wei Li , Chun Zhou , Yang Wang

We demonstrated for the first time quantum-safe high-speed 100 Gbps site-to-site IPsec tunnels secured using Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) technology. The demonstration was conducted between two JPMorgan Chase Data Centers (DCs) in an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-08 Obada Alia , Albert Huang , Huan Luo , Omar Amer , Marco Pistoia , Charles Lim

The advent of quantum computing will pose great challenges to the current communication systems, requiring essential changes in the establishment of security associations in traditional architectures. In this context, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Asier Atutxa , Ane Sanz , Eire Salegi , Gaizka González , Jasone Astorga , Eduardo Jacob

The decoy-state method is widely used in practical quantum key distribution systems to replace ideal single photon sources with realistic light sources by varying intensities. Instead of active modulation, the passive decoy-state method…