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Temporal graphs provide a useful model for many real-world networks. Unfortunately the majority of algorithmic problems we might consider on such graphs are intractable. There has been recent progress in defining structural parameters which…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Jessica Enright , Samuel D. Hand , Laura Larios-Jones , Kitty Meeks

In a directed graph $D$ on vertex set $v_1,\dots ,v_n$, a \emph{forward arc} is an arc $v_iv_j$ where $i<j$. A pair $v_i,v_j$ is \emph{forward connected} if there is a directed path from $v_i$ to $v_j$ consisting of forward arcs. In the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-12 Stéphane Bessy , Stéphan Thomassé , Laurent Viennot

In this work, we follow the current trend on temporal graph realization, where one is given a property P and the goal is to determine whether there is a temporal graph, that is, a graph where the edge set changes over time, with property P…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Justine Cauvi , Nils Morawietz , Laurent Viennot

Computing a (short) path between two vertices is one of the most fundamental primitives in graph algorithmics. In recent years, the study of paths in temporal graphs, that is, graphs where the vertex set is fixed but the edge set changes…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Arnaud Casteigts , Anne-Sophie Himmel , Hendrik Molter , Philipp Zschoche

In a temporal graph, each edge is available at specific points in time. Such an availability point is often represented by a ''temporal edge'' that can be traversed from its tail only at a specific departure time, for arriving in its head…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Filippo Brunelli , Laurent Viennot

A temporal graph is a graph for which the edge set can change from one time step to the next. This paper considers undirected temporal graphs defined over L time steps and connected at each time step. We study the Shortest Temporal…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-10 Stefan Balev , Éric Sanlaville , Antoine Toullalan

Let $G=(V,E)$ be an undirected graph on $n$ vertices and $\lambda:E\to 2^{\mathbb{N}}$ a mapping that assigns to every edge a non-empty set of integer labels (times). Such a graph is {\em temporally connected} if a path exists with…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-04-29 Arnaud Casteigts , Joseph G. Peters , Jason Schoeters

Interactions between two entities often occur at specific timestamps, which can be modeled as a temporal graph. Exploring the relationships between vertices based on temporal paths is one of the fundamental tasks. In this paper, we conduct…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Zhiyang Tang , Yanping Wu , Xiangjun Zai , Chen Chen , Xiaoyang Wang , Ying Zhang

A directed graph $D$ is semicomplete if for every pair $x,y$ of vertices of $D,$ there is at least one arc between $x$ and $y.$ \viol{Thus, a tournament is a semicomplete digraph.} In the Directed Component Order Connectivity (DCOC)…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-07-20 J. Bang-Jensen , E. Eiben , G. Gutin , M. Wahlstrom , A. Yeo

Dynamic connectivity is a well-studied problem, but so far the most compelling progress has been confined to the edge-update model: maintain an understanding of connectivity in an undirected graph, subject to edge insertions and deletions.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2008-08-11 Timothy M. Chan , Mihai Patrascu , Liam Roditty

We address the problem of testing whether a dynamic graph is temporally connected, i.e. a temporal path ({\em journey}) exists between all pairs of vertices. We consider a discrete version of the problem, where the topology is given as an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-05-02 Matthieu Barjon , Arnaud Casteigts , Serge Chaumette , Colette Johnen , Yessin M. Neggaz

We consider dynamic subgraph connectivity problems for planar graphs. In this model there is a fixed underlying planar graph, where each edge and vertex is either "off" (failed) or "on" (recovered). We wish to answer connectivity queries…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-04-24 Glencora Borradaile , Seth Pettie , Christian Wulff-Nilsen

We revisit once more the problem of designing an oracle for answering connectivity queries in undirected graphs in the presence of vertex failures. Specifically, given an undirected graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges and an integer…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Evangelos Kosinas

This paper studies the problem of proper-walk connection number: given an undirected connected graph, our aim is to colour its edges with as few colours as possible so that there exists a properly coloured walk between every pair of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Jørgen Bang-Jensen , Thomas Bellitto , Anders Yeo

Given a graph, does there exist an orientation of the edges such that the resulting directed graph is strongly connected? Robbins' theorem [Robbins, Am. Math. Monthly, 1939] states that such an orientation exists if and only if the graph is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-25 Anders Aamand , Niklas Hjuler , Jacob Holm , Eva Rotenberg

Reachability questions are one of the most fundamental algorithmic primitives in temporal graphs -- graphs whose edge set changes over discrete time steps. A core problem here is the NP-hard Short Restless Temporal Path: given a temporal…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Philipp Zschoche

Graph connectivity is a fundamental combinatorial optimization problem that arises in many practical applications, where usually a spanning subgraph of a network is used for its operation. However, in the real world, links may fail…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Dimitris Fotakis , Evangelia Gergatsouli , Charilaos Pipis , Miltiadis Stouras , Christos Tzamos

We present the first comprehensive analysis of temporal settings for directed temporal graphs, fully resolving their hierarchy with respect to support, reachability, and induced-reachability equivalence. These notions, introduced by…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Michelle Döring

A directed graph $D$ is singly connected if for every ordered pair of vertices $(s,t)$, there is at most one path from $s$ to $t$ in $D$. Graph orientation problems ask, given an undirected graph $G$, to find an orientation of the edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-06 Tim A. Hartmann , Komal Muluk

Most networks are not static objects, but instead they change over time. This observation has sparked rigorous research on temporal graphs within the last years. In temporal graphs, we have a fixed set of nodes and the connections between…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Davide Bilò , Sarel Cohen , Tobias Friedrich , Hans Gawendowicz , Nicolas Klodt , Pascal Lenzner , George Skretas