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This technical brief introduces Deep Agent, an advanced autonomous AI system designed to manage complex multi-phase tasks through a novel hierarchical task management architecture. The system's foundation is built on our Hierarchical Task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Amy Yu , Erik Lebedev , Lincoln Everett , Xiaoxin Chen , Terry Chen

Computer use agents automate digital tasks by directly interacting with graphical user interfaces (GUIs) on computers and mobile devices, offering significant potential to enhance human productivity by completing an open-ended space of user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Saaket Agashe , Kyle Wong , Vincent Tu , Jiachen Yang , Ang Li , Xin Eric Wang

We study decentralized optimization where multiple agents minimize the average of their (strongly) convex, smooth losses over a communication graph. Convergence of the existing decentralized methods generally hinges on an apriori, proper…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-01 Ilya Kuruzov , Xiaokai Chen , Gesualdo Scutari , Alexander Gasnikov

The development of native computer-use agents (CUA) represents a significant leap in multimodal AI. However, their potential is currently bottlenecked by the constraints of static data scaling. Existing paradigms relying primarily on…

We address the multi-agent persistent monitoring problem defined on a set of nodes (targets) interconnected over a network topology. A measure of mean overall node state uncertainty evaluated over a finite period is to be minimized by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-06 Shirantha Welikala , Christos G. Cassandras

AI-based systems, currently driven largely by LLMs and tool-using agentic harnesses, are increasingly discussed as a possible threat to software engineering. Foundation models get stronger, agents can plan and act across multiple steps, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Robert Feldt , Per Lenberg , Julian Frattini , Dhasarathy Parthasarathy

Large Language Model based multi-agent systems (MAS) excel at collaborative problem solving but remain brittle to cascading errors: a single faulty step can propagate across agents and disrupt the trajectory. In this paper, we present MASC,…

Computational Steering, the combination of a simulation back-end with a visualisation front-end, offers great possibilities to exploit and optimise scenarios in engineering applications. Due to its interactivity, it requires fast grid…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2018-07-03 Atanas Atanasov , Hans-Joachim Bungartz , Jérôme Frisch , Miriam Mehl , Ralf-Peter Mundani , Ernst Rank , Christoph van Treeck

Repurposing large vision-language models (LVLMs) as computer use agents (CUAs) has led to substantial breakthroughs, primarily driven by human-labeled data. However, these models often struggle with novel and specialized software,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Zeyi Sun , Ziyu Liu , Yuhang Zang , Yuhang Cao , Xiaoyi Dong , Tong Wu , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang

GUI agents are rapidly becoming a new interaction to software, allowing people to navigate web, desktop and mobile rather than execute them click by click. Yet ``agent'' is described with radically different degrees of autonomy, obscuring…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Sidong Feng , Chunyang Chen

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents have the potential to assist users in interacting with complex software (e.g., PowerPoint, Photoshop). While prior research has primarily focused on automating user actions through clicks and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Saelyne Yang , Jaesang Yu , Yi-Hao Peng , Kevin Qinghong Lin , Jae Won Cho , Yale Song , Juho Kim

The rapid development of large vision-language model (VLM) has greatly promoted the research of GUI agent. However, GUI agents still face significant challenges in handling long-horizon tasks. First, single-agent models struggle to balance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Zehao Deng , Tianjie Ju , Zheng Wu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Gongshen Liu

To achieve successful assistance with long-horizon web-based tasks, AI agents must be able to sequentially follow real-world user instructions over a long period. Unlike existing web-based agent benchmarks, sequential instruction following…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Suyu Ye , Haojun Shi , Darren Shih , Hyokun Yun , Tanya Roosta , Tianmin Shu

AI agents execute complex multi-step processes, but current evaluation falls short: outcome metrics report success or failure without explaining why, and process-level approaches struggle to connect failure types to their precise locations…

Agents, as user-centric tools, are increasingly deployed for human task delegation, assisting with a broad spectrum of requests by generating thoughts, engaging with user proxies, and producing action plans. However, agents based on large…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Wenyue Hua , Mengting Wan , Shashank Vadrevu , Ryan Nadel , Yongfeng Zhang , Chi Wang

The rapid adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in interactive systems has enabled the creation of dynamic, open-ended Role-Playing Agents (RPAs). However, evaluating these agents remains a significant challenge, as standard NLP metrics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Riccardo Rosati , Edoardo Colucci , Massimiliano Bolognini , Adriano Mancini , Paolo Sernani

Eliminating vulnerabilities from low-level code is vital for securing software. Static analysis is a promising approach for discovering vulnerabilities since it can provide developers early feedback on the code they write. But, it presents…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-04-07 Bhargava Shastry , Fabian Yamaguchi , Konrad Rieck , Jean-Pierre Seifert

Computer-using agents (CUAs), which can autonomously control computers to perform multi-step actions, might pose significant safety risks if misused. However, existing benchmarks mainly evaluate LMs in chatbots or simple tool use. To more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Aaron Xuxiang Tian , Ruofan Zhang , Janet Tang , Ji Wang , Tianyu Shi , Jiaxin Wen

Large language models are increasingly evaluated as interactive agents, yet standard agent benchmarks conflate two qualitatively distinct sources of success: semantic tool-use and interface-specific interaction pattern memorization. Because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Weizheng Gu , Chengze Li , Zhuohao Yu , Mengyuan Sun , Zhibang Yang , Wei Wang , Hongrui Jia , Shikun Zhang , Wei Ye

Meeting performance and scalability requirements while delivering services is a critical issue in web applications. Recently, latency and cost of Internet-based services are encouraging the use of application-level caching to continue…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-03 Jhonny Mertz , Ingrid Nunes