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Large language models (LLMs) employ safety mechanisms to prevent harmful outputs, yet these defenses primarily rely on semantic pattern matching. We show that encoding harmful prompts as coherent mathematical problems -- using formalisms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Haoyu Zhang , Mohammad Zandsalimy , Shanu Sushmita

LLM-generated code is widely used, and the share of committed code produced by LLMs is expected to increase. However, we are not at a point where LLMs can be effective contributors to production code. We present an approach that exposes the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Chun Jie Chong , Muyeed Ahmed , Zhihao , Yao , Iulian Neamtiu

Code Large Language Models (Code LLMs) have been increasingly used by developers to boost productivity, but they often generate vulnerable code. Thus, there is an urgent need to ensure that code generated by Code LLMs is correct and secure.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yanjun Fu , Ethan Baker , Yu Ding , Yizheng Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in code-related tasks, but their robustness in code reasoning under perturbations remains underexplored. We introduce CodeCrash, a stress-testing framework with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Man Ho Lam , Chaozheng Wang , Jen-tse Huang , Michael R. Lyu

Automatically generating source code from natural language using large language models (LLMs) is becoming common, yet security vulnerabilities persist despite advances in fine tuning and prompting. In this work, we systematically evaluate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Bushra Sabir , Shigang Liu , Seung Ick Jang , Sharif Abuadbba , Yansong Gao , Kristen Moore , SangCheol Kim , Hyoungshick Kim , Surya Nepal

Despite the impressive performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software development activities, recent studies show the concern of introducing vulnerabilities into software codebase by AI programming assistants (e.g., Copilot,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Sung Yong Kim , Zhiyu Fan , Yannic Noller , Abhik Roychoudhury

The emergence of vibe coding, a paradigm where non-technical users instruct Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate executable codes via natural language, presents both significant opportunities and severe risks for the construction…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 S M Jamil Uddin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are gaining popularity among software engineers. A crucial aspect of developing effective code generation LLMs is to evaluate these models using a robust benchmark. Evaluation benchmarks with quality issues can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Simantika Dristi , Joy Saha , Joanna C. S. Santos

The growing trend of vulnerability issues in software development as a result of a large dependence on open-source projects has received considerable attention recently. This paper investigates the effectiveness of Large Language Models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Shaznin Sultana , Sadia Afreen , Nasir U. Eisty

This paper presents CyberSecEval, a comprehensive benchmark developed to help bolster the cybersecurity of Large Language Models (LLMs) employed as coding assistants. As what we believe to be the most extensive unified cybersecurity safety…

Large Language Models have become critical to modern software development, but their reliance on uncurated web-scale datasets for training introduces a significant security risk: the absorption and reproduction of malicious content. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhiyang Chen , Tara Saba , Xun Deng , Xujie Si , Fan Long

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential for automatic code generation and form the basis for various tools such as GitHub Copilot. However, recent studies highlight that many LLM-generated code contains serious security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-11 Hossein Hajipour , Lea Schönherr , Thorsten Holz , Mario Fritz

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve impressive accuracy on mathematical reasoning benchmarks, yet their performance drops when problems are modified with simple changes like different names or numbers. Code execution methods, which let…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Matthew Kutakh

Large language models (LLMs) have become indispensable for automated code generation, yet the quality and security of their outputs remain a critical concern. Existing studies predominantly concentrate on adversarial attacks or inherent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Bin Wang , YiLu Zhong , MiDi Wan , WenJie Yu , YuanBing Ouyang , Yenan Huang , Hui Li

Traditional static analysis methods struggle to detect semantic design flaws, such as violations of the SOLID principles, which require a strong understanding of object-oriented design patterns and principles. Existing solutions typically…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Fatih Pehlivan , Arçin Ülkü Ergüzen , Sahand Moslemi Yengejeh , Mayasah Lami , Anil Koyuncu

With the recent advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), generating functionally correct code has become less complicated for a wide array of developers. While using LLMs has sped up the functional development process, it poses a heavy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Nafis Tanveer Islam , Mohammad Bahrami Karkevandi , Peyman Najafirad

With the increasing prevalence of security incidents, the adoption of deception-based defense strategies has become pivotal in cyber security. This work addresses the challenge of scalability in designing honeytokens, a key component of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Daniel Reti , Norman Becker , Tillmann Angeli , Anasuya Chattopadhyay , Daniel Schneider , Sebastian Vollmer , Hans D. Schotten

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated unparalleled prowess in mimicking human-like text generation and processing. Among the myriad of applications that benefit from LLMs, automated code generation is increasingly promising. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Lincoln Murr , Morgan Grainger , David Gao

Large language models (LLMs) are now largely involved in software development workflows, and the code they generate routinely includes third-party library (TPL) imports annotated with specific version identifiers. These version choices can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Chengjie Wang , Jingzheng Wu , Xiang Ling , Tianyue Luo , Chen Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) show remarkable capabilities in understanding natural language and generating complex code. However, as practitioners adopt CodeLLMs for increasingly critical development tasks, research reveals that these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Maximilian Wendlinger , Daniel Kowatsch , Konstantin Böttinger , Philip Sperl