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Cultural values are expressed not only through language but also through visual scenes and everyday social practices. Yet existing evaluations of cultural values in language models are almost entirely text-only, making it unclear whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Zhipin Wang , Christoph Leiter , Christian Frey , Mohamed Hesham Ibrahim Abdalla , Josif Grabocka , Steffen Eger

Visual Grounding (VG) methods in Visual Question Answering (VQA) attempt to improve VQA performance by strengthening a model's reliance on question-relevant visual information. The presence of such relevant information in the visual input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Daniel Reich , Tanja Schultz

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) perform strongly on natural images, yet their ability to understand discrete visual symbols remains unclear. We present a multi-domain benchmark spanning language, culture, mathematics, physics and…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in mathematical reasoning, particularly with text-based mathematical problems. However, current multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), especially those specialized…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Zhen Yang , Jinhao Chen , Zhengxiao Du , Wenmeng Yu , Weihan Wang , Wenyi Hong , Zhihuan Jiang , Bin Xu , Jie Tang

Grounding has been argued to be a crucial component towards the development of more complete and truly semantically competent artificial intelligence systems. Literature has divided into two camps: While some argue that grounding allows for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Timothee Mickus , Elaine Zosa , Denis Paperno

Service robots should be able to interact naturally with non-expert human users, not only to help them in various tasks but also to receive guidance in order to resolve ambiguities that might be present in the instruction. We consider the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Georgios Tziafas , Hamidreza Kasaei

Multi-view learning methods often focus on improving decision accuracy, while neglecting the decision uncertainty, limiting their suitability for safety-critical applications. To mitigate this, researchers propose trusted multi-view…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Ying Liu , Lihong Liu , Cai Xu , Xiangyu Song , Ziyu Guan , Wei Zhao

Visual grounding, a crucial vision-language task involving the understanding of the visual context based on the query expression, necessitates the model to capture the interactions between objects, as well as various spatial and attribute…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Haozhan Shen , Tiancheng Zhao , Mingwei Zhu , Jianwei Yin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate robust zero-shot capabilities across diverse vision-language tasks after training on mega-scale datasets. However, dense prediction tasks, such as semantic segmentation and keypoint…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yan Tai , Luhao Zhu , Yunan Ding , Yiying Dong , Guangtao Zhai , Xiaohong Liu , Guodong Guo

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) increasingly power high-stakes applications, from medical imaging to autonomous systems, yet they routinely hallucinate, confidently describing content not present in the input. We investigate the root causes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Harshvardhan Saini , Samyak Jha , Yiming Tang , Dianbo Liu

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revitalized philosophical debates surrounding artificial intelligence. Two of the most fundamental challenges - namely, the Frame Problem and the Symbol Grounding Problem - have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Shoko Oka

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities across a variety of tasks, especially when equipped with carefully designed visual prompts. However, existing studies primarily focus on logical reasoning and visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Dingning Liu , Cheng Wang , Peng Gao , Renrui Zhang , Xinzhu Ma , Yuan Meng , Zhihui Wang

Contemporary large-scale visual language models (VLMs) exhibit strong representation capacities, making them ubiquitous for enhancing image and text understanding tasks. They are often trained in a contrastive manner on a large and diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Ugur Sahin , Hang Li , Qadeer Khan , Daniel Cremers , Volker Tresp

Reliable evaluation is essential in machine learning research, yet methodological flaws-particularly data leakage-continue to undermine the validity of reported results. In this work, we investigate whether large language models (LLMs) can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Domonkos Varga

Despite rapid progress, pretrained vision-language models still struggle when answers depend on tiny visual details or on combining clues spread across multiple regions, as in documents and compositional queries. We address this by framing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Marcel Gröpl , Jaewoo Jung , Seungryong Kim , Marc Pollefeys , Sunghwan Hong

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved significant breakthroughs, enhancing understanding across text and vision. However, current MLLMs still face challenges in effectively integrating knowledge across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Boyu Jia , Junzhe Zhang , Huixuan Zhang , Xiaojun Wan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate a complex understanding of scenes, benefiting from large-scale and high-quality datasets. Most existing caption datasets lack the ground locations and relations for visual entities.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Xiangtai Li , Tao Zhang , Yanwei Li , Haobo Yuan , Shihao Chen , Yikang Zhou , Jiahao Meng , Yueyi Sun , Shilin Xu , Lu Qi , Tianheng Cheng , Yi Lin , Zilong Huang , Wenhao Huang , Jiashi Feng , Guang Shi

Misleading visualizations, which manipulate chart representations to support specific claims, can distort perception and lead to incorrect conclusions. Despite decades of research, they remain a widespread issue, posing risks to public…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Zixin Chen , Sicheng Song , Kashun Shum , Yanna Lin , Rui Sheng , Weiqi Wang , Huamin Qu

Large language models (LLMs) struggle with formal domains that require rigorous logical deduction and symbolic reasoning, such as mathematical proof generation. We propose a neuro-symbolic approach that combines LLMs' generative strengths…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Oren Sultan , Eitan Stern , Dafna Shahaf

Automated grading systems have enabled scalable assessment for many response types, but handwritten mathematics remains a barrier due to the complexity of multi-step solutions. Vision-capable large language models (LLMs) offer new…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jacob Levine , Miguel Aenlle , Craig Zilles , Matthew West , Mariana Silva