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A significant challenge facing researchers in the area of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) pertains to the identification of a library that can offer fast and compatible development for multi-agent tasks and algorithm combinations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Siyi Hu , Yifan Zhong , Minquan Gao , Weixun Wang , Hao Dong , Xiaodan Liang , Zhihui Li , Xiaojun Chang , Yaodong Yang

Large Language Model (LLM) based agents are powerful yet fundamentally static after deployment, lacking the ability to autonomously expand capabilities, generate new tools, or evolve their reasoning. This work introduces a hierarchical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Indrajit Kar , Sammy Zonunpuia , Zonunfeli Ralte

Modern open-world agents such as OpenClaw exhibit powerful cross-environment execution capabilities yet introduce broad new safety risk sources. Meanwhile, advanced frontier AI models drastically lower attack barriers, rendering current…

LLM agents increasingly adopt skills as a reusable unit of composition. While skills are shared across diverse agent platforms, current systems treat them as raw context, causing the same skill to behave inconsistently for different agents.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Le Chen , Erhu Feng , Yubin Xia , Haibo Chen

Large Language Model-based agents have garnered significant attention and are becoming increasingly popular. Furthermore, planning ability is a crucial component of an LLM-based agent, which generally entails achieving a desired goal from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Mengkang Hu , Pu Zhao , Can Xu , Qingfeng Sun , Jianguang Lou , Qingwei Lin , Ping Luo , Saravan Rajmohan

Large language models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly from conversational problem solving to addressing real-world tasks involving tool use, such as software engineering (SWE). Recent LLM-powered toolkits, such as OpenAI Codex and Cursor, have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Haoran Wang , Zhenyu Hou , Yao Wei , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

Understanding the long-term impact of algorithmic interventions on society is vital to achieving responsible AI. Traditional evaluation strategies often fall short due to the complex, adaptive and dynamic nature of society. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Emmanuel Klu , Sameer Sethi , DJ Passey , Donald Martin

We introduce CollabToolBuilder, a flexible multiagent LLM framework with expert-in-the-loop (HITL) guidance that iteratively learns to create tools for a target goal, aligning with human intent and process, while minimizing time for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Daull Xavier , Patrice Bellot , Emmanuel Bruno , Vincent Martin , Elisabeth Murisasco

Large language model (LLM)-based agents that reason, plan, and act through tools, memory, and structured interaction are emerging as a promising paradigm for automating complex workflows. Recent systems such as OpenClaw and Claude Code…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yingli Zhou , Wang Shu , Yaodong Su , Wenchuan Du , Yixiang Fang , Xuemin Lin

Agentic modeling aims to transform LLMs into autonomous agents capable of solving complex tasks through planning, reasoning, tool use, and multi-turn interaction with environments. Despite major investment, open research remains constrained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Baolin Peng , Wenlin Yao , Qianhui Wu , Hao Cheng , Xiao Yu , Rui Yang , Tao Ge , Alessandro Sordoni , Xingdi Yuan , Yelong Shen , Pengcheng He , Tong Zhang , Zhou Yu , Jianfeng Gao

Large Action Models (LAMs) for AI Agents offer incredible potential but face challenges due to the need for high-quality training data, especially for multi-steps tasks that involve planning, executing tool calls, and responding to…

Large Action models are essential for enabling autonomous agents to perform complex tasks. However, training such models remains challenging due to the diversity of agent environments and the complexity of noisy agentic data. Existing…

Data science tasks involving tabular data present complex challenges that require sophisticated problem-solving approaches. We propose AutoKaggle, a powerful and user-centric framework that assists data scientists in completing daily data…

Autonomous agent frameworks built upon large language models (LLMs) are evolving into complex, tool-integrated, and continuously operating systems, introducing security risks beyond traditional prompt-level vulnerabilities. As this paradigm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Luyao Xu , Xiang Chen

Collaborative multi-agent reinforcement learning has rapidly evolved, offering state-of-the-art algorithms for real-world applications, including sensitive domains. However, a key challenge to its widespread adoption is the lack of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Amine Andam , Jamal Bentahar , Mustapha Hedabou

Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently shown impressive performance in complex game AI and robotics tasks. To a large extent, this is thanks to the availability of simulated environments such as OpenAI Gym, Atari Learning Environment, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Rajkumar Ramamurthy , Rafet Sifa , Christian Bauckhage

LLMs and Agents have achieved impressive progress in code generation, mathematical reasoning, and scientific discovery. However, existing benchmarks primarily measure correctness, overlooking the diversity of methods behind solutions. True…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Jintian Zhang , Kewei Xu , Jingsheng Zheng , Zhuoyun Yu , Yuqi Zhu , Yujie Luo , Lanning Wei , Shuofei Qiao , Lun Du , Da Zheng , Shumin Deng , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly applied to tasks requiring structured reasoning, tool use, and environmental adaptation, such as data manipulation, multistep planning, and computer-use automation. However, despite…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Shashank Kirtania , Param Biyani , Priyanshu Gupta , Yasharth Bajpai , Roshni Iyer , Sumit Gulwani , Gustavo Soares

Progress in computer use agents (CUAs) has been constrained by the absence of large and high-quality datasets that capture how humans interact with a computer. While LLMs have thrived on abundant textual data, no comparable corpus exists…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong capability in diverse software engineering tasks. However, feature-driven development, a highly prevalent real-world task that involves developing new functionalities for large, existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Yaxin Du , Yuzhu Cai , Yifan Zhou , Cheng Wang , Yu Qian , Xianghe Pang , Qian Liu , Yue Hu , Siheng Chen
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