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Deep-learning precipitation nowcasting models are often optimized using pointwise losses such as mean squared error or mean absolute error, which can lead to overly smooth forecasts and poor representation of heavy rainfall. This study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Gijs van Nieuwkoop , Siamak Mehrkanoon

We propose a new statistical protocol for the estimation of precipitation using lightning data. We first identify rainy events using a scan statistics, then we estimate Rainfall Lighting Ratio (RLR) to convert lightning number into rain…

Many problems in the physical sciences, machine learning, and statistical inference necessitate sampling from a high-dimensional, multi-modal probability distribution. Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, the ubiquitous tool for this…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2022-05-12 Marylou Gabrié , Grant M. Rotskoff , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

The Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily database contains, among other variables, daily maximum and minimum temperatures from weather stations around the globe. It is long known that climatological summary statistics based on daily…

Applications · Statistics 2018-05-30 Maxime Rischard , Natesh Pillai , Karen A. McKinnon

Dynamical downscaling with high-resolution regional climate models may offer the possibility of realistically reproducing precipitation and weather events in climate simulations. As resolutions fall to order kilometers, the use of explicit…

Applications · Statistics 2018-08-01 Won Chang , Jiali Wang , Julian Marohnic , Rao Kotamarthi , Elisabeth J. Moyer

Satellite-derived data products and climate model simulations of geophysical variables like precipitation, often exhibit systematic biases compared to in-situ measurements. Bias correction and spatial downscaling are fundamental components…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Sumanta Chandra Mishra Sharma , Adway Mitra , Auroop Ratan Ganguly

Modeling the risk of extreme weather events in a changing climate is essential for developing effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. Although the available low-resolution climate models capture different scenarios, accurate risk…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-12-06 Anamitra Saha , Sai Ravela

This paper explores the versatility and depth of Bayesian modeling by presenting a comprehensive range of applications and methods, combining Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques and variational approximations. Covering topics such as…

Applications · Statistics 2025-02-18 Yifei Yan , Juan Sosa , Carlos A. Martínez

To mitigate the risk posed by extreme rainfall events, we require statistical models that reliably capture extremes in continuous space with dependence. However, assuming a stationary dependence structure in such models is often erroneous,…

Applications · Statistics 2019-07-15 K. R. Saunders , A. G. Stephenson , D. J. Karoly

The increasing access to non-expensive sensors, computing power, and more accurate forecasting of storm events provides unique opportunities to shift flood management practices from static approaches to an optimization-based real-time…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-10 Marcus N. Gomes Junior , Marcio H. Giacomoni , Ahmad F. Taha , Eduardo M. Mendiondo

This study explores integrating reinforcement learning (RL) with idealised climate models to address key parameterisation challenges in climate science. Current climate models rely on complex mathematical parameterisations to represent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Pritthijit Nath , Henry Moss , Emily Shuckburgh , Mark Webb

Recently, flood damage has become a social problem owing to unexperienced weather conditions arising from climate change. An immediate response to heavy rain is important for the mitigation of economic losses and also for rapid recovery.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-02 Takato Yasuno , Akira Ishii , Masazumi Amakata

Decision-makers rely on weather forecasts to plant crops, manage wildfires, allocate water and energy, and prepare for weather extremes. Today, such forecasts enjoy unprecedented accuracy out to two weeks thanks to steady advances in…

Rainfall is an important component of the climate system and its statistical properties are vital for prediction purposes. In this study, we have developed a statistical method for constructing the distribution of annual precipitation. The…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-05-24 Yosef Ashkenazy , Naftali R. Smith

Climate change will cause an increase in the frequency and severity of flood events, prompting the need for cohesive adaptation policymaking. Designing effective adaptation policies, however, depends on managing the uncertainty of long-term…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Miguel Costa , Arthur Vandervoort , Martin Drews , Karyn Morrissey , Francisco C. Pereira

Streamflow forecasts are critical to guide water resource management, mitigate drought and flood effects, and develop climate-smart infrastructure and governance. Many global regions, however, have limited streamflow observations to guide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Roland Oruche , Fearghal O'Donncha

Heavy rainfall distributional modeling is essential in any impact studies linked to the water cycle, e.g.\ flood risks. Still, statistical analyses that both take into account the temporal and multivariate nature of extreme rainfall are…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-13 Gloria Buriticá , Philippe Naveau

Floods are the most common form of natural disaster and accurate flood forecasting is essential for early warning systems. Previous work has shown that machine learning (ML) models are a promising way to improve flood predictions when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Emil Ryd , Grey Nearing

Regression-based frameworks for streamflow regionalization are built around catchment attributes that traditionally originate from catchment hydrology, flood frequency analysis and their interplay. In this work, we deviated from this…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-22 Georgia Papacharalampous , Hristos Tyralis

As climate change drives an increase in global extremes, it is critical for Bangladesh, a nation highly vulnerable to these impacts, to assess future risks for effective adaptation and mitigation planning. Downscaling coarse-resolution…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-12-24 Anamitra Saha , Sai Ravela