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Positron emission tomography (PET) is widely utilized for cancer detection due to its ability to visualize functional and biological processes in vivo. PET images are usually reconstructed from histogrammed raw data (sinograms) using…
Standard dual-energy computed tomography (CT) uses two different X-ray energies to obtain energy-dependent tissue attenuation information to allow quantitative material decomposition. The combined use of dual-energy CT and positron emission…
Tau leptons serve as an important tool for studying the production of Higgs and electroweak bosons, both within and beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. Accurate reconstruction and identification of hadronically decaying tau…
We compare the predicted phase behaviour of lead (Pb) using three different interatomic potential models, including an embedded atom method (EAM), a modified embedded atom method (MEAM), and a neural network-based machine-learned model in…
Robots executing iterative tasks in complex, uncertain environments require control strategies that balance robustness, safety, and high performance. This paper introduces a safe information-theoretic learning model predictive control…
We propose a framework - Prompt, Generate, Train (PGT) - to efficiently develop a generative question-answering model for open-book question-answering over a proprietary collection of text documents. The framework adapts a retriever…
In contemporary deep learning, a prevalent and effective workflow for solving low-data problems is adapting powerful pre-trained foundation models (FMs) to new tasks via parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT). However, while empirically…
The image quality of the new generation of earthbound Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) is heavily influenced by atmospheric turbulences. To compensate these optical distortions a technique called adaptive optics (AO) is used. Many AO…
Electrical tomography techniques have been widely employed for multiphase-flow monitoring owing to their non invasive nature, intrinsic safety, and low cost. Nevertheless, conventional reconstructions struggle to capture fine details, which…
Transmission Electron Microscopy enables high-resolution imaging of materials, but the resulting images are difficult to interpret directly. One way to address this is exit wave reconstruction, i.e., the recovery of the complex-valued…
Next-generation particle accelerators demand advanced beam-diagnostic capabilities to ensure high performance, operational reliability, and sustainable machine operation. Increasing beam intensities and stored energies make the precise…
The reconstruction of relative permittivity and conductivity in microwave tomography is carried out using regularized Gauss-Newton and Conjugate-Gradient iterative schemes. These two approaches are numerically tested and compared in terms…
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a classical imaging technique to reconstruct the mass distribution of a radioactive material. If the mass distribution is static, this essentially leads to inversion of the X-ray transform. However, if…
Sparse-view computed tomography (CT) is a practical solution to reduce radiation dose, but the resulting ill-posed inverse problem poses significant challenges for accurate image reconstruction. Although deep learning and diffusion-based…
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) based electrical properties tomography (EPT) is the quantification of the conductivity and permittivity of different tissues. These electrical properties can be obtained through different reconstruction…
The analog signals generated in the read-out electronics of radiation detectors are shaped prior to the digitization in order to improve the signal to noise ratio (SNR). The real amplitude of the analog signal is then obtained using digital…
Learning the dynamics of a physical system wherein an autonomous agent operates is an important task. Often these systems present apparent geometric structures. For instance, the trajectories of a robotic manipulator can be broken down into…
Small animal PET scanners require high spatial resolution and good sensitivity. To reconstruct high-resolution images in 3D-PET, iterative methods, such as OSEM, are superior to analytical reconstruction algorithms, although their high…
This paper extends the methodology to use physics-informed enhanced super-resolution generative adversarial networks (PIESRGANs) for LES subfilter modeling in turbulent flows with finite-rate chemistry and shows a successful application to…
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is an important molecular imaging tool widely used in medicine. Traditional PET systems rely on complete detector rings for full angular coverage and reliable data collection. However, incomplete-ring PET…