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Continual learning in large language models (LLMs) typically encounters the critical challenge of catastrophic forgetting, where previously acquired knowledge deteriorates upon exposure to new data. While techniques like replay buffers and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Sneh Pillai

The success of large language models (LLMs) depends heavily on large-scale, high-quality instruction-following and reinforcement datasets. However, generating such data through human annotation is prohibitively time-consuming particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chenhua Shi , Gregor Macdonald , Bhavika Jalli , Wanlu Lei , John Zou , Mridul Jain , Joji Philip

The efficacy of large language models (LLMs) is heavily dependent on the quality of the underlying data, particularly within specialized domains. A common challenge when fine-tuning LLMs for domain-specific applications is the potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Jianwei Sun , Chaoyang Mei , Linlin Wei , Kaiyu Zheng , Na Liu , Ming Cui , Tianyi Li

Fast disaster impact reporting is crucial in planning humanitarian assistance. Large Language Models (LLMs) are well known for their ability to write coherent text and fulfill a variety of tasks relevant to impact reporting, such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Grace Colverd , Paul Darm , Leonard Silverberg , Noah Kasmanoff

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

Large language models (LLMs) excel in open domains but struggle in specialized settings with limited data and evolving knowledge. Existing domain adaptation practices rely heavily on manual trial-and-error processes, incur significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sidharth Sinha , Anson Bastos , Xuchao Zhang , Akshay Nambi , Chetan Bansal , Saravan Rajmohan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success in supporting a wide range of knowledge-intensive tasks. In specialized domains, there is growing interest in leveraging LLMs to assist subject matter experts with domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Aman Kumar , Ekant Muljibhai Amin , Xian Yeow Lee , Lasitha Vidyaratne , Ahmed K. Farahat , Dipanjan D. Ghosh , Yuta Koreeda , Chetan Gupta

Topic modeling plays a vital role in uncovering hidden semantic structures within text corpora, but existing models struggle in low-resource settings where limited target-domain data leads to unstable and incoherent topic inference. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Pritom Saha Akash , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

The popularity of automatic speech-to-speech translation for human conversations is growing, but the quality varies significantly depending on the language pair. In a context of community interpreting for low-resource languages, namely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Andrei Popescu-Belis , Alexis Allemann , Teo Ferrari , Gopal Krishnamani

Lack of specialized data makes building a multi-domain neural machine translation tool challenging. Although emerging literature dealing with low resource languages starts to show promising results, most state-of-the-art models used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-17 Idriss Mghabbar , Pirashanth Ratnamogan

Despite outstanding processes in many tasks, Large Language Models (LLMs) still lack accuracy when dealing with highly technical domains. Especially, telecommunications (telco) is a particularly challenging domain due the large amount of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Camille Barboule , Viet-Phi Huynh , Adrien Bufort , Yoan Chabot , Géraldine Damnati , Gwénolé Lecorvé

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on general-purpose language tasks, their deployment in regulated and data-sensitive domains, including insurance, remains limited. Leveraging millions of historical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Zhengda Mo , Zhiyu Quan , Eli O'Donohue , Kaiwen Zhong

Although a machine translation model trained with a large in-domain parallel corpus achieves remarkable results, it still works poorly when no in-domain data are available. This situation restricts the applicability of machine translation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Makoto Morishita , Jun Suzuki , Masaaki Nagata

The scarcity of labeled training data often prohibits the internationalization of NLP models to multiple languages. Recent developments in cross-lingual understanding (XLU) has made progress in this area, trying to bridge the language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Guokun Lai , Barlas Oguz , Yiming Yang , Veselin Stoyanov

With the democratization of e-commerce platforms, an increasingly diversified user base is opting to shop online. To provide a comfortable and reliable shopping experience, it's important to enable users to interact with the platform in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Mandar Kulkarni , Nikesh Garera

LLM-based automatic speech recognition models demonstrate strong performance by connecting audio encoders and LLMs. However, data scarcity of paired speech and transcription often hinders their adaptation to new domains, making text-only…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Ryo Magoshi , Takashi Maekaku , Yusuke Shinohara

Spoken language understanding has been addressed as a supervised learning problem, where a set of training data is available for each domain. However, annotating data for each domain is both financially costly and non-scalable so we should…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Libo Qin , Minheng Ni , Yue Zhang , Wanxiang Che , Yangming Li , Ting Liu

While large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly adopted for machine translation (MT), their performance for specialist domains such as medicine and law remains an open challenge. Prior work has shown that LLMs can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Bryan Li , Jiaming Luo , Eleftheria Briakou , Colin Cherry

With the rapid development of large language models in recent years, there has been an increasing demand for domain-specific Agents that can cater to the unique needs of enterprises and organizations. Unlike general models, which strive for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Chih-Wei Song , Yu-Kai Lee , Yin-Te Tsai

General translation models often still struggle to generate accurate translations in specialized domains. To guide machine translation practitioners and characterize the effectiveness of domain adaptation methods under different data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Virginia Adams , Sandeep Subramanian , Mike Chrzanowski , Oleksii Hrinchuk , Oleksii Kuchaiev