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To govern smart contracts running on Ethereum, multiple Ethereum Request for Comment (ERC) standards have been developed, each defining a set of rules governing contract behavior. Violating these rules can cause serious security issues and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Shihao Xia , Mengting He , Shuai Shao , Tingting Yu , Yiying Zhang , Nobuko Yoshida , Linhai Song

With the increasing popularity of large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents, reliable and effective code evaluation metrics (CEMs) have become crucial for progress across several software engineering tasks. While popular benchmarks…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Simantika Bhattacharjee Dristi , Matthew B. Dwyer

Speculative decoding accelerates large language model inference by using smaller draft models to generate candidate tokens for parallel verification. However, current approaches are limited by sequential stage dependencies that prevent full…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Bradley McDanel , Sai Qian Zhang , Yunhai Hu , Zining Liu

Blockchain, as a distributed ledger technology, becomes increasingly popular, especially for enabling valuable cryptocurrencies and smart contracts. However, the blockchain software systems inevitably have many bugs. Although bugs in smart…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Xiao Yi , Daoyuan Wu , Lingxiao Jiang , Yuzhou Fang , Kehuan Zhang , Wei Zhang

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software engineering has revealed critical limitations in existing benchmarks, particularly the widely used SWE-bench dataset. Recent studies have uncovered severe data contamination…

Real-world Table-Text question answering (QA) tasks require models that can reason across long text and source tables, traversing multiple hops and executing complex operations such as aggregation. Yet existing benchmarks are small,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Sungho Park , Jueun Kim , Wook-Shin Han

This paper presents insights from evaluating 16 frontier large language models (LLMs) on the WebApp1K benchmark, a test suite designed to assess the ability of LLMs to generate web application code. The results reveal that while all models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Yi Cui

Large language model (LLM) services have become an integral part of search, assistance, and decision-making applications. However, unlike traditional web or microservices, the hardware and software stack enabling LLM inference deployment is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Dominik Scheinert , Alexander Acker , Thorsten Wittkopp , Soeren Becker , Hamza Yous , Karnakar Reddy , Ibrahim Farhat , Hakim Hacid , Odej Kao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in automated software security, particularly in vulnerability detection. However, existing benchmarks primarily focus on isolated, single-vulnerability samples or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Chinmay Pushkar , Sanchit Kabra , Dhruv Kumar , Jagat Sesh Challa

Semantic code search, retrieving code that matches a given natural language query, is an important task to improve productivity in software engineering. Existing code search datasets face limitations: they rely on human annotators who…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Jing Gong , Yanghui Wu , Linxi Liang , Yanlin Wang , Jiachi Chen , Mingwei Liu , Zibin Zheng

Code executability plays a vital role in software debugging and testing (e.g., detecting runtime exceptions or assertion violations). However, code execution, especially partial or arbitrary code execution, is a non-trivial task due to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Zhipeng Xue , Zhipeng Gao , Shaohua Wang , Xing Hu , Xin Xia , Shanping Li

Language models (LMs) are susceptible to in-context reward hacking, where they exploit flaws in tainted or faulty written specifications or rubrics to achieve high scores without fulfilling the user's true intent. We introduce Specification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Víctor Gallego

In recent years, the application of large language models (LLMs) to code-related tasks has gained significant attention. However, existing evaluation benchmarks often focus on limited scenarios, such as code generation or completion, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jia Feng , Jiachen Liu , Cuiyun Gao , Chun Yong Chong , Chaozheng Wang , Shan Gao , Xin Xia

Frequent toolchain updates and growing ISA diversity have made system-level software package repair increasingly important. Diagnosing and repairing build failures remains challenging because failures involve heterogeneous evidence,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chenyu Zhao , Minghua Ma , Shenglin Zhang , Zeshun Huang , Yongqian Sun , Chetan Bansal , Saravan Rajmohan , Dan Pei

Throughput limitations of existing blockchain architectures are well documented and are one of the most significant hurdles for their wide-spread adoption. In our previous proof-of-concept work, we have shown that separating computation…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Alexander Hentschel , Dieter Shirley , Layne Lafrance , Maor Zamski

This work presents ContractChecker, a Blockchain-based security protocol for verifying the storage consistency between the mutually distrusting cloud provider and clients. Unlike existing protocols, the ContractChecker uniquely delegates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Kai Li , Yuzhe Tang , Beom Heyn Kim , Jianliang Xu

Hardware-software contracts are abstract specifications of a CPU's leakage behavior. They enable verifying the security of high-level programs against side-channel attacks without having to explicitly reason about the microarchitectural…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Arthur Correnson , Haoyi Zeng , Jana Hofmann

Symbolic execution is a powerful technique for bug finding and program testing. It is successful in finding bugs in real-world code. The core reasoning techniques use constraint solving, path exploration, and search, which are also the same…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Sahil Verma , Roland H. C. Yap

State-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive code generation capabilities but struggle with real-world software engineering tasks, such as revising source code to address code reviews, hindering their practical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Hong Yi Lin , Chunhua Liu , Haoyu Gao , Patanamon Thongtanunam , Christoph Treude

Peer code review is a widely adopted software engineering practice to ensure code quality and ensure software reliability in both the commercial and open-source software projects. Due to the large effort overhead associated with practicing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Masum Hasan , Anindya Iqbal , Mohammad Rafid Ul Islam , A. J. M. Imtiajur Rahman , Amiangshu Bosu