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A lattice-theoretic framework is introduced that permits the study of the conditional independence (CI) implication problem relative to the class of discrete probability measures. Semi-lattices are associated with CI statements and a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-11-03 Mathias Niepert , Dirk Van Gucht , Marc Gyssens

Ordinal variables, such as on the Likert scale, are common in applied research. Yet, existing methods for causal inference tend to target nominal or continuous data. When applied to ordinal data, this fails to account for the inherent…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-26 Martina Scauda , Jack Kuipers , Giusi Moffa

In this paper, we develop a qualitative theory of influence diagrams that can be used to model and solve sequential decision making tasks when only qualitative (or imprecise) information is available. Our approach is based on an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-02-20 Radu Marinescu , Nic Wilson

Randomized clinical trials are considered the gold standard for estimating causal effects. Nevertheless, in studies that are aimed at examining adverse effects of interventions, such trials are often impractical because of ethical and…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-20 Anthony D. Scotina , Andrew R. Zullo , Robert J. Smith , Roee Gutman

Online minimization of an unknown convex function over the interval $[0,1]$ is considered under first-order stochastic bandit feedback, which returns a random realization of the gradient of the function at each query point. Without knowing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-21 Sattar Vakili , Sudeep Salgia , Qing Zhao

\textsc{Directed Token Sliding} asks, given a directed graph and two sets of pairwise nonadjacent vertices, whether one can reach from one set to the other by repeatedly applying a local operation that exchanges a vertex in the current set…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-03-28 Takehiro Ito , Yuni Iwamasa , Yasuaki Kobayashi , Yu Nakahata , Yota Otachi , Masahiro Takahashi , Kunihiro Wasa

We study the linear stochastic bandit problem, relaxing the standard i.i.d. assumption on the observation noise. As an alternative to this restrictive assumption, we allow the noise terms across rounds to be sub-Gaussian but interdependent,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-28 Baptiste Abélès , Eugenio Clerico , Hamish Flynn , Gergely Neu

We study a class of monotone inclusions called "self-concordant inclusion" which covers three fundamental convex optimization formulations as special cases. We develop a new generalized Newton-type framework to solve this inclusion. Our…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-07-25 Quoc Tran-Dinh , Tianxiao Sun , Shu Lu

We consider the problem of efficient inference of the Average Treatment Effect in a sequential experiment where the policy governing the assignment of subjects to treatment or control can change over time. We first provide a central limit…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-05 Thomas Cook , Alan Mishler , Aaditya Ramdas

We study causal representation learning, the task of inferring latent causal variables and their causal relations from high-dimensional mixtures of the variables. Prior work relies on weak supervision, in the form of counterfactual pre- and…

Many modern learning tasks involve fitting nonlinear models to data which are trained in an overparameterized regime where the parameters of the model exceed the size of the training dataset. Due to this overparameterization, the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Samet Oymak , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

We systematically study the effect of disorder and interactions on a quasi-one dimensional diamond chain possessing flat bands. Disorder localizes all the single particle eigenstates, while at low disorder strengths we obtain weak flat-band…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-12-24 Nilanjan Roy , Ajith Ramachandran , Auditya Sharma

Recent work has shown promising results in causal discovery by leveraging interventional data with gradient-based methods, even when the intervened variables are unknown. However, previous work assumes that the correspondence between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Gonçalo R. A. Faria , André F. T. Martins , Mário A. T. Figueiredo

Effective medium theory of transport in disordered systems, whose basis is the replacement of spatial disorder by temporal memory, is extended in several practical directions. Restricting attention to a 1-dimensional system with bond…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 V. M. Kenkre , Z. Kalay , P. E. Parris

In gradient descent, changing how we parametrize the model can lead to drastically different optimization trajectories, giving rise to a surprising range of meaningful inductive biases: identifying sparse classifiers or reconstructing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-24 Anna Kerekes , Anna Mészáros , Ferenc Huszár

The framework of differential inclusions encompasses modern optimal control and the calculus of variations. Necessary optimality conditions in the literature identify potentially optimal paths, but do not show how to perturb paths to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-05-01 C. H. Jeffrey Pang

We study the causal bandit problem that entails identifying a near-optimal intervention from a specified set $A$ of (possibly non-atomic) interventions over a given causal graph. Here, an optimal intervention in ${A}$ is one that maximizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Ayush Sawarni , Rahul Madhavan , Gaurav Sinha , Siddharth Barman

We prove a trade-off theorem for order and disorder parameters in one-dimensional quantum spin systems with quenched disorder. For a disordered ensemble with exact Ising symmetry and average translation symmetry, any gapped ensemble must…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-05-29 Jinmin Yi , Chong Wang

Analyzing decision problems under uncertainty commonly relies on idealizing assumptions about the describability of the world, with the most prominent examples being the closed world and the small world assumption. Most assumptions are…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-08 Christoph Jansen , Georg Schollmeyer , Thomas Augustin , Julian Rodemann

We investigate the (functional) convex order of for various continuous martingale processes, either with respect to their diffusions coefficients for L\'evy-driven SDEs or their integrands for stochastic integrals. Main results are bordered…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-07-24 Gilles Pagès