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Machine learning (ML) enables the development of interatomic potentials that promise the accuracy of first principles methods while retaining the low cost and parallel efficiency of empirical potentials. While ML potentials traditionally…

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) enable large-scale atomistic simulations but remain challenged in describing mixed-valence materials where charge ordering strongly influences thermodynamic stability. Here we investigate the…

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) are routinely used to model diverse atomistic phenomena, yet parameterizing them to accurately capture solid-state phase transformations remains difficult. We present error metrics and…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-21 Lorenzo Piersante , Anirudh Raju Natarajan

Machine-learning models of atomic-scale interactions achieve the accuracy of the quantum mechanical calculations on which they are trained, but at a dramatically lower computational cost. Their predictions can be made trustworthy by…

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) have become powerful tools to extend molecular simulations beyond the limits of quantum methods, offering near-quantum accuracy at much lower computational cost. Yet, developing reliable MLIPs…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-30 Adam Lahouari , Jutta Rogal , Mark E. Tuckerman

Creating a single unified interatomic potential capable of attaining ab initio accuracy across all chemistry remains a long-standing challenge in computational chemistry and materials science. This work introduces a training protocol for…

Universal machine-learned interatomic potentials (U-MLIPs) have demonstrated broad applicability across diverse atomistic systems but often require fine-tuning to achieve task-specific accuracy. While the number of available U-MLIPs and…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-08-25 Xiaoqing Liu , Kehan Zeng , Zedong Luo , Yangshuai Wang , Teng Zhao , Zhenli Xu

Machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) enable accurate atomistic modelling, but reliable uncertainty quantification (UQ) remains elusive. In this study, we investigate two UQ strategies, ensemble learning and D-optimality, within…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-06 Fei Shuang , Zixiong Wei , Kai Liu , Wei Gao , Poulumi Dey

Over the past decade inter-atomic potentials based on machine-learning (ML) techniques have become an indispensable tool in the atomic-scale modeling of materials. Trained on energies and forces obtained from electronic-structure…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-15 Michele Ceriotti

We assess the accuracy of six universal machine-learned interatomic potentials (MLIPs) for predicting the temperature and pressure response of materials by molecular dynamics simulations. Accuracy is evaluated across 13 diverse materials…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-01 Konstantin Stracke , Connor W. Edwards , Jack D. Evans

Understanding the mechanisms of hydrogen embrittlement (HE) is essential for advancing next-generation high-strength steels, thereby motivating the development of highly accurate machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) for the Fe-H…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-12-30 Kazuma Ito

Machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) offer a powerful avenue for simulations beyond length and timescales of ab initio methods. Their development for investigation of mechanical properties and fracture, however, is far from…

Given the power of large language and large vision models, it is of profound and fundamental interest to ask if a foundational model based on data and parameter scaling laws and pre-training strategies is possible for learned simulations of…

The use of machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) in simulations of materials is a state-of-the-art approach, which allows achieving nearly \textit{ab initio} accuracy with orders of magnitude less computational cost.…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-10-28 R. E. Ryltsev , N. M. Chtchelkatchev

Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials (MLIPs) have successfully demonstrated scaling behavior, i.e. the power-law improvement in training performance, however the emergence of novel capabilities at scale remains unexplored. We have…

Ab initio simulations of dislocations are essential to build quantitative models of material strength, but the required system sizes are often at or beyond the limit of existing methods. Many important structures are thus missing in the…

Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials (MLIPs) achieve near ab initio accuracy at a fraction of the cost of quantum-mechanical simulations, yet they remain prone to silent failures on out-of-distribution configurations, making principled…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Olga Zaghen , Maksim Zhdanov , Dario Coscia , David R. Wessels , Erik J. Bekkers

Inexpensive machine learning potentials are increasingly being used to speed up structural optimization and molecular dynamics simulations of materials by iteratively predicting and applying interatomic forces. In these settings, it is…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2023-09-12 Jonas Busk , Mikkel N. Schmidt , Ole Winther , Tejs Vegge , Peter Bjørn Jørgensen

Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials (MLIPs) are becoming a central tool in simulation-based chemistry. However, like most deep learning models, MLIPs struggle to make accurate predictions on out-of-distribution data or when trained in a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Dario Coscia , Pim de Haan , Max Welling

As with many parts of the natural sciences, machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) are revolutionizing the modeling of molecular crystals. However, challenges remain for the accurate and efficient calculation of sublimation…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Flaviano Della Pia , Benjamin X. Shi , Venkat Kapil , Andrea Zen , Dario Alfè , Angelos Michaelides