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Face recognition has evolved as a prominent biometric authentication modality. However, vulnerability to presentation attacks curtails its reliable deployment. Automatic detection of presentation attacks is essential for secure use of face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Anjith George , Sebastien Marcel

Fingerprint capture systems can be fooled by widely accessible methods to spoof the system using fake fingers, known as presentation attacks. As biometric recognition systems become more extensively relied upon at international borders and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-09 Richard Plesh , Keivan Bahmani , Ganghee Jang , David Yambay , Ken Brownlee , Timothy Swyka , Peter Johnson , Arun Ross , Stephanie Schuckers

Due to the successful development of deep image generation technology, visual data forgery detection would play a more important role in social and economic security. Existing forgery detection methods suffer from unsatisfactory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Decheng Liu , Tao Chen , Chunlei Peng , Nannan Wang , Ruimin Hu , Xinbo Gao

Plastic surgery and disguise variations are two of the most challenging co-variates of face recognition. The state-of-art deep learning models are not sufficiently successful due to the availability of limited training samples. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Saksham Suri , Anush Sankaran , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh

In the recent past, different researchers have proposed privacy-enhancing face recognition systems designed to conceal soft-biometric attributes at feature level. These works have reported impressive results, but generally did not consider…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Dailé Osorio-Roig , Christian Rathgeb , Pawel Drozdowski , Philipp Terhörst , Vitomir Štruc , Christoph Busch

Biometric systems are vulnerable to Presentation Attacks (PA) performed using various Presentation Attack Instruments (PAIs). Even though there are numerous Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) techniques based on both deep learning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Zhe Kong , Wentian Zhang , Feng Liu , Wenhan Luo , Haozhe Liu , Linlin Shen , Raghavendra Ramachandra

Presentation attack detection (PAD) is a critical component in secure face authentication. We present a PAD algorithm to distinguish face spoofs generated by a photograph of a subject from live images. Our method uses an image decomposition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Shlok Kumar Mishra , Kuntal Sengupta , Max Horowitz-Gelb , Wen-Sheng Chu , Sofien Bouaziz , David Jacobs

Advances in deep learning, combined with availability of large datasets, have led to impressive improvements in face presentation attack detection research. However, state-of-the-art face antispoofing systems are still vulnerable to novel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-30 Mohammad Rostami , Leonidas Spinoulas , Mohamed Hussein , Joe Mathai , Wael Abd-Almageed

Although face recognition systems have undergone an impressive evolution in the last decade, these technologies are vulnerable to attack presentations (AP). These attacks are mostly easy to create and, by executing them against the system's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Lazaro Janier Gonzalez-Sole , Juan E. Tapia , Christoph Busch

The human face has a high potential for biometric identification due to its many individual traits. At the same time, such identification is vulnerable to biometric copies. These presentation attacks pose a great challenge in unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Martin Thümmel , Sven Sickert , Joachim Denzler

Although existing face anti-spoofing (FAS) methods achieve high accuracy in intra-domain experiments, their effects drop severely in cross-domain scenarios because of poor generalization. Recently, multifarious techniques have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Shice Liu , Shitao Lu , Hongyi Xu , Jing Yang , Shouhong Ding , Lizhuang Ma

The widespread deployment of face recognition-based biometric systems has made face Presentation Attack Detection (face anti-spoofing) an increasingly critical issue. This survey thoroughly investigates the face Presentation Attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Zuheng Ming , Muriel Visani , Muhammad Muzzamil Luqman , Jean-Christophe Burie

An iris recognition system is vulnerable to presentation attacks, or PAs, where an adversary presents artifacts such as printed eyes, plastic eyes, or cosmetic contact lenses to circumvent the system. In this work, we propose an effective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-06 Renu Sharma , Arun Ross

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) plays a critical role in securing face recognition systems from different presentation attacks. Previous works leverage auxiliary pixel-level supervision and domain generalization approaches to address unseen spoof…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Chien-Yi Wang , Yu-Ding Lu , Shang-Ta Yang , Shang-Hong Lai

Presentation attacks represent a critical security threat where adversaries use fake biometric data, such as face, fingerprint, or iris images, to gain unauthorized access to protected systems. Various presentation attack detection (PAD)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Rashik Shadman , M G Sarwar Murshed , Faraz Hussain

Biometric authentication is becoming more prevalent for secured authentication systems. However, the biometric substances can be deceived by the imposters in several ways. Among other imposter attacks, print attacks, mask attacks, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Prosenjit Chatterjee , Alex Yalchin , Joseph Shelton , Kaushik Roy , Xiaohong Yuan , Kossi D. Edoh

As face recognition becomes more widespread in government and commercial services, its potential misuse raises serious concerns about privacy and civil rights. To counteract this threat, various anti-facial recognition techniques have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Youngjin Kwon , Xiao Zhang

Recently, significant progress has been made in face presentation attack detection (PAD), which aims to secure face recognition systems against presentation attacks, owing to the availability of several face PAD datasets. However, all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Meiling Fang , Marco Huber , Naser Damer

Due to their convenience and high accuracy, face recognition systems are widely employed in governmental and personal security applications to automatically recognise individuals. Despite recent advances, face recognition systems have shown…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Mathias Ibsen , Lázaro J. González-Soler , Christian Rathgeb , Pawel Drozdowski , Marta Gomez-Barrero , Christoph Busch

The success of deep learning based face recognition systems has given rise to serious privacy concerns due to their ability to enable unauthorized tracking of users in the digital world. Existing methods for enhancing privacy fail to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Fahad Shamshad , Muzammal Naseer , Karthik Nandakumar