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We describe a new Bell test for two-particle entangled systems that engages an unbounded continuous variable. The continuous variable state is allowed to be arbitrary and inaccessible to direct measurements. A systematic method is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-20 X. -F. Qian , C. J. Broadbent , J. H. Eberly

The predictions of quantum mechanics cannot be resolved with a completely classical view of the world. In particular, the statistics of space-like separated measurements on entangled quantum systems violate a Bell inequality. We put forward…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-27 Matty J. Hoban

It is a long-standing belief, as pointed out by Bell in 1986, that it is impossible to use a two-mode Gaussian state possessing a positive-definite Wigner function to demonstrate nonlocality as the Wigner function itself provides a local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-02 Zeng-Bing Chen , Yao Fu , Yu-Kang Zhao

Suppose we want to benchmark a quantum device held by a remote party, e.g. by testing its ability to carry out challenging quantum measurements outside of a free set of measurements $\mathcal{M}$. A very simple way to do so is to set up a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-16 Ludovico Lami

There are increasingly suggestions for computer simulations of quantum statistics which try to violate Bell type inequalities via classical, common cause correlations. The Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality is very robust.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-09-17 Sascha Vongehr

Photonic systems based on energy-time entanglement have been proposed to test local realism using the Bell inequality. A violation of this inequality normally also certifies security of device-independent quantum key distribution, so that…

Entanglement, describing the inseparability of a quantum multiparty system, is one of the most intriguing features of quantum mechanics. Violation of Bell inequality, for ruling out the possibility of local hidden variable theories, is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-21 Xianxin Guo , Yefeng Mei , Shengwang Du

An experiment is described which proves, using single photons only, that the standard hidden variables assumptions (commonly used to derive Bell inequalities) are inconsistent with quantum mechanics. The analysis is very simple and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-22 Arnold Neumaier

We propose Bell inequalities for discrete or continuous quantum systems which test the compatibility of quantum physics with an interpretation in terms of deterministic hidden-variable theories. The wave function collapse that occurs in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-24 Karl-Peter Marzlin , T. A. Osborn

We demonstrate a contradiction of quantum mechanics with local hidden variable theories for continuous variable quadrature phase amplitude (``position'' and ``momentum'') measurements, by way of a violation of a Bell inequality. For any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-08-17 A. Gilchrist , P. Deuar , M. D. Reid

The correspondence principle suggests that quantum systems grow classical when large. Classical systems cannot violate Bell inequalities. Yet agents given substantial control can violate Bell inequalities proven for large-scale systems. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-10 Adam Bene Watts , Nicole Yunger Halpern , Aram Harrow

A simple local hidden-variables model is exhibited which reproduces the results of all performed tests of Bell\'{}s inequalities involving optical photon pairs. For the old atomic-cascade experiments, like Aspect\'{}s, the model agrees with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Emilio Santos

The growth of quantum technologies is attracting the interest of many students eager to learn concepts such as quantum entanglement or quantum superposition. However, the non-intuitive nature of these concepts poses a challenge to…

We propose two quantum experiments - modified Bell tests - that could detect contextual hidden variables underlying quantum mechanics. The experiments are inspired by hydrodynamic pilot-wave systems that mimic a wide range of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Konstantinos Papatryfonos , Louis Vervoort

Violation of local realism via Bell inequality - a profound and counterintuitive manifestation of quantum theory that conflicts with the prediction of local realism - is viewed to be intimately linked with quantum entanglement. Experimental…

We provide a detailed analysis of the recently proposed setup for a loophole-free test of Bell inequality using conditionally generated non-Gaussian states of light and balanced homodyning. In the proposed scheme, a two-mode squeezed vacuum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 R. Garcia-Patron , J. Fiurasek , N. J. Cerf

Entanglement in continuous-variable non-Gaussian states provides irreplaceable advantages in many quantum information tasks. However, the sheer amount of information in such states grows exponentially and makes a full characterization…

Violation of Bell inequalities is an essential requirement for many quantum information and communication protocols. In high-dimensional systems, Bell inequality tests face the challenge of implementing genuinely multi-outcome measurements,…

Quantum correlations in observables of multiple systems not only are of fundamental interest, but also play a key role in quantum information processing. As a signature of these correlations, the violation of Bell inequalities has not been…

The precision with which we can measure operators that do not commute with conserved quantities is limited by the need to preserve the associated global symmetries. We show how to construct a local hidden-variable model that violates Bell…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Alejandro J. Garza , Jonte R. Hance