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On-policy distillation (OPD) is an increasingly important paradigm for post-training language models. However, we identify a pervasive Scaling Law of Miscalibration: while OPD effectively improves task accuracy, it systematically traps…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiaxin Zhang , Xiangyu Peng , Qinglin Chen , Qinyuan Ye , Caiming Xiong , Chien-Sheng Wu

Current state-of-the-art object detectors are at the expense of high computational costs and are hard to deploy to low-end devices. Knowledge distillation, which aims at training a smaller student network by transferring knowledge from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Ruoyu Sun , Fuhui Tang , Xiaopeng Zhang , Hongkai Xiong , Qi Tian

Knowledge distillation is an effective method to transfer the knowledge from the cumbersome teacher model to the lightweight student model. Online knowledge distillation uses the ensembled prediction results of multiple student models as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Zheng Li , Ying Huang , Defang Chen , Tianren Luo , Ning Cai , Zhigeng Pan

Online Continual Learning (OCL) addresses the problem of training neural networks on a continuous data stream where multiple classification tasks emerge in sequence. In contrast to offline Continual Learning, data can be seen only once in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Nicolas Michel , Maorong Wang , Ling Xiao , Toshihiko Yamasaki

Reward models (RMs) play a pivotal role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Due to the difficulty of obtaining high-quality human preference annotations, distilling preferences from generative LLMs has emerged…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Hongli Zhou , Hui Huang , Wei Liu , Chenglong Wang , Xingyuan Bu , Lvyuan Han , Fuhai Song , Muyun Yang , Wenhao Jiang , Hailong Cao , Tiejun Zhao

Knowledge distillation is a powerful technique for transferring knowledge from a pre-trained teacher model to a student model. However, the true potential of knowledge transfer has not been fully explored. Existing approaches primarily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Shuoxi Zhang , Hanpeng Liu , Kun He

Camera-based temporal 3D object detection has shown impressive results in autonomous driving, with offline models improving accuracy by using future frames. Knowledge distillation (KD) can be an appealing framework for transferring rich…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Haowen Zheng , Hu Zhu , Lu Deng , Weihao Gu , Yang Yang , Yanyan Liang

A critical component in knowledge distillation is the means of coupling the teacher and student. The predominant sequence knowledge distillation method involves supervised learning of the student against teacher-decoded outputs, and is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Jun Wang , Eleftheria Briakou , Hamid Dadkhahi , Rishabh Agarwal , Colin Cherry , Trevor Cohn

Automatically describing audio-visual content with texts, namely video captioning, has received significant attention due to its potential applications across diverse fields. Deep neural networks are the dominant methods, offering…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-19 Özkan Çaylı , Xubo Liu , Volkan Kılıç , Wenwu Wang

3D occupancy prediction is an emerging task that aims to estimate the occupancy states and semantics of 3D scenes using multi-view images. However, image-based scene perception encounters significant challenges in achieving accurate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Haiming Zhang , Xu Yan , Dongfeng Bai , Jiantao Gao , Pan Wang , Bingbing Liu , Shuguang Cui , Zhen Li

Multi-modal recommendation systems, which integrate diverse types of information, have gained widespread attention in recent years. However, compared to traditional collaborative filtering-based multi-modal recommendation systems, research…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Wei Ji , Xiangyan Liu , An Zhang , Yinwei Wei , Yongxin Ni , Xiang Wang

In online retail, customer acquisition typically incurs higher costs than customer retention, motivating firms to invest in churn analytics. However, many contemporary churn models operate as opaque black boxes, limiting insight into the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Indrajith Ekanayake , Sanjula De Alwis

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to grow in both capability and cost, transferring frontier capabilities into smaller, deployable students has become a central engineering problem, and knowledge distillation remains the dominant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Mingyang Song , Mao Zheng

The recovery of training data from generative models ("model inversion") has been extensively studied for diffusion models in the data domain as a memorization/overfitting phenomenon. Latent diffusion models (LDMs), which operate on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Mingxing Rao , Bowen Qu , Daniel Moyer

Knowledge distillation is a technique used to train a small student network using the output generated by a large teacher network, and has many empirical advantages~\citep{Hinton2015DistillingTK}. While the standard one-shot approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Shivam Gupta , Sushrut Karmalkar

Although large foundation models pre-trained by self-supervised learning have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many tasks including automatic speech recognition (ASR), knowledge distillation (KD) is often required in practice to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-21 Xiaoyu Yang , Qiujia Li , Chao Zhang , Philip C. Woodland

Concept bottleneck models (CBMs) are interpretable models that first predict a set of semantically meaningful features, i.e., concepts, from observations that are subsequently used to condition a downstream task. However, the model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Renos Zabounidis , Ini Oguntola , Konghao Zhao , Joseph Campbell , Simon Stepputtis , Katia Sycara

Predicting pedestrian crossing intentions is crucial for the navigation of mobile robots and intelligent vehicles. Although recent deep learning-based models have shown significant success in forecasting intentions, few consider incomplete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yu Liu , Zhijie Liu , Zedong Yang , You-Fu Li , He Kong

On-policy distillation (OPD) trains student models under their own induced distribution while leveraging supervision from stronger teachers. We identify a failure mode of OPD: as training progresses, on-policy rollouts can undergo abrupt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Feng Luo , Yu-Neng Chuang , Guanchu Wang , Zicheng Xu , Xiaotian Han , Tianyi Zhang , Vladimir Braverman

The task of information retrieval is an important component of many natural language processing systems, such as open domain question answering. While traditional methods were based on hand-crafted features, continuous representations based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Gautier Izacard , Edouard Grave